Clin Med - Endo Flashcards

1
Q

most abundant cell of ant pituitary

A

somatotrophs, secrete GH

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2
Q

hormones produced by ant pit

A

ACTH, FSH, GH ,LH, PRL, TSH (peptides)

FAT GLP

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3
Q

hormones produced by hypothalamus

A

GHrH, GHiH, GnRH, PiF, TRH (peptides - PiF)

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4
Q

hormones produced by post pit

A

ADH, oxytocin (peptides)

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5
Q

hormones produced by adrenal medulla

A

epi, norepi (amines)

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6
Q

hormones produced by adrenal cortex

A

cortisol, aldosterone (steroids)

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7
Q

pituitary adenoma

A

high GH, PRL, low TSH, ACTH, GnT

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8
Q

prolactin suppressed by

A

dopamine (produced by hypothalamus)

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9
Q

GH 3 actions

A

glucose for brain (can raise plasma glucose)
AA uptake by muscle
fat as main energy source

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10
Q

GH primarily released what time of day

A

night

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11
Q

Persistently high GH can result in what other endocrine dz

A

diabetes (starts w insulin resistance)

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12
Q

ACTH bursts MC what time of day

A

morning

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13
Q

where to glucocorticoids bind w/in the cell

A

GRE on DNA

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14
Q

low intrarenal arterial pressure and hyperkalemia trigger ___ release

A

aldosterone

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15
Q

21 hydroxylase deficiency clinical picture

A

virilization, low cortisol/aldosterone

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16
Q

thick oily skin, cardiomegaly, DM

A

GH excess (acromegaly, gigantism)

17
Q

if you give glucose you expect GH to

A

go down

18
Q

post-partum hypopituitarism d/t ischema

A

Sheehan syndrom

19
Q

lack of ADH, polyuria, polydipsia

A

diabetes insipdus

20
Q

glomerosa of adrenal gland produces

A

mineralcorticoids

21
Q

adrenal fasculata and reticularis produces

A

glucocorticooids, sex steroids

22
Q

adrenal medulla produces

A

catecholamines

23
Q

when to remove an adrenal nodule

A

> 6cm, funcitonally active

24
Q

seratonin stimulates

A

glucocorticoid production

25
Q

hypoK, hypergly, alkalosis, obesity, purple striae

A

Cushings (glucocorticoid excess)

26
Q

dehydr, low Na, high K, acidosis

A

glucocorticoid deficiency

27
Q

low cortisol and aldosterone, high ACTH leading to bronzing of skin

A

Addisons dz

28
Q

urine VMA important to dx

A

pheochromocytoma, neuroblastoma (tumor of adrenal medulla)

29
Q

if you find a cancer in the adrenal glands, is it more likely primary or secondary

A

primary

30
Q

when kid is > __ SD below NL, investigate GH

A

2.5

31
Q

HA, visual field deficit, libido dec.

A

prolactinoma

32
Q

tx: prolactinoma

A

dopamine agonist (bromacriptine)

33
Q

what’s a glucose suppression test

A

give glucose to suppress GH, if ineffective, suspect adeoma

34
Q

what does somatostatin do to GH

A

prevents its release

35
Q

MEN1 inheritance pattern

A

autosomal dom

36
Q

MEN1 3 P tumors

A

pit adenoma
PTH adenome
pancreatic tumor (insulinoma/gastrinoma)

37
Q

sx like pituitary adenoma, then sudden onset HA, visual loss, AMS, etc

A

pituitary apoplexy

38
Q

pit apoplexy tx

A

IV dexamethasone, transphenoidal surg

39
Q

euvolemic, hyponatremic w/ excess sodium in urine

A

SIADH