surgery

Question 1

What is a spinal anesthesia

Answer 1

thin needle goes through the dura into the CSF

uses heavy bipuvocaine

needle to be able to lie flat

doesn’t affect respiratory rate

does affect BP- lowers BP (blocks autonomic, c fibers, alpha motor neurones)

don’t do it on patients with mitral or aortic stenosis

Question 2

what is bier’s block

Answer 2

2 cuffs on the arm and intravenous regional aesthesia

Question 3

what is a field block

Answer 3

infiltrative anesthesia

Question 4

what is a brachial plexus block

Answer 4

inject anesthesia into the brachial plexus sheath

Question 5

what are the complication that can happen with an epidural?

Answer 5

dural tap- hole in the dura that leaves the patient with CSF leaking out.

most common in women i obstretrics

Question 6

what are the local anesthetics?

Answer 6

esthers: cocaine

Don’t use them (only ENT- to vasconstrict nose veins)

amiphocaine - good for skin penetration, eye drops (cornea)

amides: lidocaine (acts quickly, low pka, many unionised), bipuvocaine (local anesthetics, many ionised, doesn’t penetrates)

diamorphine - great for spinal

Question 7

anesthesia over dose

Answer 7

ringing in ears

perioral parasthesia

heart block, brady cardium

Question 8

what are common causes of an ileus

Answer 8

infection

opioids

Question 9

what are causes of respiratory deterioration?

Answer 9

ALL of these because the person does not cough properly

atelectasis

pneumonia

pain- diaphramtic splinting

Question 10

why do you get more atelectasis after a general anesthesia?

Answer 10

underventilate the basis of the bases of your lungs

lying on your back

change in breathing