Surgery 3B - Urology Flashcards
Renal fxns
FIltration
Reabsorption
Secretion
x phagocytosis
Ureteral blood supply
Abdominal aorta
Renal artery
Illiac artery
x thoracic artery
Endocrine organs
Kidneys
Testes
x ureters
x bladder
Male urethra
Prostatic
Bulbous
Penile
x vas deferens
Areas of narrowing in ureter
Uretrovesical jxn
Area crossing iliac vessels
Uretero pelvic jxn
x Fossa navicularis
Contained w/in gerota’s gascia
Adrenal glands
Kidney
Perinephric fat
x Psoas muscle
Renal lymphatic drainage
Perihilar nodes
Interaortocaval nodes
Paraaortic nodes
x internal iliac nodes
Urinary bladder structures
Detrussor m
Trigone
Transitional cell epithelium
x seminal vesicles
Prostate gland consists of
Sm muscle
Glandular structures
Fibrous tissue
x Seminiferous tubues
Penile structures
Corpora cavernosa
Urethra
Corpora Spongiosa
x Epididymis
Obstructive urinary tract symptoms
Dec of uninary caliber
Terminal dribbling
Urinary retention
x dysuria
Irritative urinary symptoms
Dysuria
x Hesitancy
x Terminal dribbling
x Urinary retention
Bloody urine
Hematuria
x Chyluria, pneumaturia, dysuria
Blood in semen
Hematospermia
x Hematuria, pneumaturia, chyluria
Exam urilized for renal dse
Palpation
Kidney Punch
x vaginal exam, rectal exam
UA components
Pus cells
RBC
pH
x Creatinine
UTI
WBC: 20-30/hpf
>100k colonies of E. coli
x pH 6, SG 1.010
Imaging studies for renal stones
UTZ
CT
XRay
x Angiography
Evaluate renal fxn
Renal scan
Acute prostatitis
Enlarged tender prostate
Dysuria
Fever
x hard nodular prostate
Kidney produces
Renin
Angiotensin
Erythropoietin
1’ physical characteristic of high osmolar contrast agents is that responsible for their toxicity
Hyper-tonicity
Contrast agent-induced reactions including urtricaria, edema, hypotension, are thought to be
Anaphylactoid
Agent of choice for renal cortical imaging
Tc99m DMSA
WAGR syndrome most freq associated w/
deletion of chromosome 11
Risk factors associated w/nephrotoxicity in patients receiving high osmolar contrast media include ff except
renal insufficiency diabetic nephropathy multiple administrations w/short interval hyperuricemia x hypoalbuminemia
MC non invasive dx workup used for urological pt
UTZ
MC dx GU carcinoma in males
prostate CA
Tx for prostate CA
Ext beam radiation
Radical prostatectomy
Brachytherapy
Chemotherapy
Radical nephrectomy includes
Kidney
Gerota’s fascia
Hilar LN
Contralateral adrenal glands
Straddle injury includes
Corpus spongiosum
Bulbous urethra
x prostatic urethra, bladder
Radical cystectomy in men includes
Perivesical fat
Complications of ureterolithiasis
Hydronephrosis
Pyonephrosis
Pyelonephritis
x UB diverticulum
Radioluscent stones
Uric acid
Cystine
x Struvite Ca phosphate
Hematogenous route of infection
Tuberculous orchitis
Tuberculous nephritis
x pyelonephritis epididymitis
Asc route of infection
Pyelonephritis
Cystitis
x Tuberculous orchitis, Diverticulitis
Multiple scrotal sinuses
Actinomycosis
Tuberculosis (testicular)
x prostatitis, cystitis
Struvite stones/Staghorn calculi
Mg
NH4
PO4
x cystine
Tx for renal calculi
ESWL
Open nephrolithotomy
Percutaneous nephrolithotomy
Medical therapy
Major renal injury
Contusion
1cm parachymal laceration
x urinary extravasetion, renal artery avulsion
Posterior urethral injury
Floating prostate
Blood per urethral meatus
Bladder distension
Pelvic fracture
Ant urethral injury
Straddle injury
Bulbous urethra
x pelvic fracture, prostatic urethra