Surgery

Question 1

why is the NSAID dose for sheep and goats so high

Answer 1

they are wimpy and need more. goats are more simpy than sheep

Question 2

true or false: meloxicam is used in sheep/goats under 14 days of age even tho its off ;abel with no adverse side effects as long as dosed correctly

Answer 2

true

Question 3

true or false there is a withdrawal time for meloxicam

Answer 3

truea

Question 4

true or false: meloxicam is labelled for goats

Answer 4

false, all use in goats is off label but is used anyway

Question 5

the toxic dose of lidocaine is

Answer 5

6mg/kg–>be careful in tiny lambs and kids and be careful blocking for C sections

Question 6

for IV anesthesia for 15-30 min procedures use

Answer 6

xylazine/ketamine–>add a tiny amount of xylazine to a ketamine bottle

Question 7

who is more sensitive to xylazine?

Answer 7

goats! dont need as much

Question 8

what concentration of xylazine do ya want to use

Answer 8

100mg/ml NOT 20mg/ml

Question 9

_____ can be used alone if deeper anesthesia is required

Answer 9

ketamine

Question 10

what do we use for IM sedation and anesthesia

Answer 10

medetomidine/butorphanol

Question 11

why are extra short tails bad in sheep

Answer 11

higher incidence of vag prolapse, incontinence, and spinal issues, spinabifida

Question 12

what castration techniques exist for sheep/goats

Answer 12

banding: for less than 7 days old

give meloxicam 30 mins beforehand 1mg/kg

Question 13

pros and cons of burdizzo technique?

Answer 13

bloodless technique, dont need to cut, no open wounds or bugs, but needs to be done correctly, otherwise high failure rate

Question 14

at what age should you consider actually ligating the cord for castration rather than JUST the emasculators?

Answer 14

after 6 months you need to ligate

Question 15

for surgical castration like with newberry wife, what pain relief should you give?

Answer 15

butorphanol 0.2mg/kg 5-10 mins beforehand, once xylazine ketamine starts to wear off

Question 16

compare and contrast vasectomy and epididymectomy

Answer 16

vasectomy: remove vas deferens, approach cranial scrotum, single midline incision, YOU NEED TO KNOW YOUR ANATOMY, incision is clean and protected for healing

epididymectomy: remove caudal epididymis, 2 incisions are made over each testicle, incisions are more distal/ventral and can get dirty easier, can get infected, easier if you’re uncertain about anatomy

Question 17

your lidocaine bleb for a vasectomy is used for

Answer 17

the skin to make a bleb for you to cut into, do not inject lidocaine into the chord!

Question 18

if you use suture to tie of the vas deferens what can happen

Answer 18

a granuloma! sperm have nowhere to go

Question 19

best block for c section?

Answer 19

paravertebral or line block

Question 20

how is c section procedure different in sheep/goats compared to cows?

Answer 20

uterine incision is made over the head or rump rather than the foot of the lamb/kid. multiple lambs should be extracted thru a single uterine incision

Question 21

how to close the uterus for c section

Answer 21

close with inverting pattern in 2 layers until you’re really good at it, dont use PDS it will tear the uterus

flush it after its closed up and remove any clots

can close body wall in 3 layers like in cows or can do muscle and sub Q in one layer and then skin, depending.

Question 22

what antibiotic can you give post op c section

Answer 22

oxytetracyline

Question 23

the majority of lambs and kids will outgrow entropion but it needs to be adressed why?

Answer 23

for welfare reasons! it hurts, rubbing on the eyeball!

Question 24

different entropion methods

Answer 24

tacking, crazy glue, clips, conjunctival penicillin injection

Question 25

is entropion genetic yes or no

Answer 25

yes, dont breed the animals

Question 26

are casts and splints effective in sheep/goats?

Answer 26

YES!

Question 27

splints and casts can be used for fractures below the

Answer 27

carpus or hock

Question 28

true or false, splints made for dogs work well on sheep

Answer 28

true!!!!!!

Question 29

name a good material to use for a cast

Answer 29

fiberglass