Elk & Deer

Question 1

why do people farm wapiti

Answer 1

stags for hunting, superior red meat, velvet, semen, hides, breeding stock

Question 2

wapiti are what kind of eaters

Answer 2

intermediate selectors/browsers so they pick off all the leaves, no like pointy, will also like pasture and alfalfa but dont like old hay

Question 3

true or false: wapiti have seasonal weight loss

Answer 3

true they lose weight in winter and this is normal

Question 4

Hind (cow) and Jinnoch (heifer) have what conception rates normally?

Answer 4

Hinds conception 95%, Jinnoch conception 50%

Question 5

why do wapiti lose weight in the rut

Answer 5

sexxxxxxx

Question 6

why wapiti need suppelment feed after the rut

Answer 6

they lose weight, too busy with za sex

Question 7

describe the breeding of wapiti in general (when they breed, seasonality of cycling)

Answer 7

seasonally polyestrus
breed September to October
estrus is 21 days
gestation is 256 days
calving is late may to early July

Question 8

how to diagnose pregnancy in wapiti

Answer 8

rectal palpation
transrectal ultrasound
blood sample for pregnancy specific protein B

Question 9

true or false: wapiti can have either a 2 wave cycle or a 3 wave cycle

Answer 9

truuuu just like cows beech

Question 10

describe the fall transition for wapiti

Answer 10

the summer soltice stimulates them to start cycling and will start ovulating around sept 21st. the first cycle was a wimopy CL and is therefore a silent estrus since there is no progesterone to prime it. their first viible estrus is the second wave. This second estrus is the one the males can identify.

Question 11

why is there a rut orgy for wapiti

Answer 11

bc everyine is in heat within the same 1-2 days so they gotta get it on fast to make sure everyone gets dick

Question 12

describhe winter transiroion for wapiti

Answer 12

supression of CL around dec 21st and thru the winter. will still have waves but NO ovulation

Question 13

wapiti can ovulate as late as

Answer 13

february (ovulation starts to become suppressed in december but it takes a while for them to actually stop ovulating)

Question 14

the rut begins when _______ and what is stag:hind ratio

Answer 14

3rd week of september

1:40

Question 15

when farming ya own wapiti when should you remove the males

Answer 15

put them in in sept, new stags in mid octerober, GONEZO by november

Question 16

briefly desrobe the AI protocol for wapiti

Answer 16

just like in sheps!

CIDR for 12 days
prostaglandin given at day 9
eCG given on CIRD removal
inswminate 55-65 hrs after CIDR removal
do it transcervical, cum goes in uterine body

Question 17

who can remove antlers?

Answer 17

you have to get ceritifed thru a course in order for a producer to do it. they are trained to give local anesthetic. a vet needs to sign off on this every year. there is emphasis on animal welfare!!

Question 18

why cant you use epi with lidocaine for antler removal

Answer 18

it causes sloughing and atypical antler growth

Question 19

why do we do ring block for antler removal

Answer 19

because unlike cows they have another nerve coming from cervical region (as well as the infratrochlear and auriculopalpebral nerves) so they just do a ring block to get them all. this is done in addition to the regional blocks as done in cows.

Question 20

as oof 2023 how many wapiti farms have liscence to remove antlers?

Answer 20

126

Question 21

as of 2023 the median and average for elk farm size is

Answer 21

median 39, average 70

Question 22

why does the herd size for wapiti increase around 2001

Answer 22

because BSE, no one buy wapiti, all afraid of disease

Question 23

why do people farm white tailed deer?

Answer 23

hunt farms (bucks), meat (but not as good as elk), hides, breeding stock, semen

Question 24

what kind of eaters are white tailed deer?

Answer 24

concentrate selectors/browsers, really cant digest woody stuff, like to pick off the leaves, they have a relavitley smaller rumen compared to body size. have seasonal weight gain and loss just like elk

Question 25

why is alfalfa a good choice feed for whiote tailed deer

Answer 25

they need high protein! 17% is idealy and alfalfa is high in protein

Question 26

describe the repro cycles of white tailed deer

Answer 26

seasonally polyestrus, gestation 200 days, estrus cycle 21-30 days, doe fawns will breed in the first year if they reach 70% of their adult body weight (if they get fat enough)

Question 27

white tailed deer have rut when?

Answer 27

november to early december, chrisrmas rut

Question 28

what are the two days to do AI in white tailed deer?

Answer 28

same hormone protocol as in elk

can do laproscopic technique and deposit into the uterine body, done with anesthesia wirth deer on their back, this has higher conception rates

or normal AI where semen depositied into cervical ostium, still get 70% conception rates

Question 29

how many white tailed deer famrms are there in alberta as of 2023?

Answer 29

11, this has decreased a lot over time

Question 30

list some good milk replacer for bottel feeding white tailed deer

Answer 30

goats milk: pasturized with fortified egg yolk

can also get ungulate milk replacer or lamb replacer

Question 31

why would be bottle feed a deer

Answer 31

if theres orphans or you wanna tame em’

Question 32

how much you gotta feed the baby deer? and how often bruv?

Answer 32

200-300 mls per feeding 6x a day

Question 33

why shouldn’t you bottle raise the bucks

Answer 33

they will kill you, super aggressive, try to mate with you.