Elk & Deer Flashcards
why do people farm wapiti
stags for hunting, superior red meat, velvet, semen, hides, breeding stock
wapiti are what kind of eaters
intermediate selectors/browsers so they pick off all the leaves, no like pointy, will also like pasture and alfalfa but dont like old hay
true or false: wapiti have seasonal weight loss
true they lose weight in winter and this is normal
Hind (cow) and Jinnoch (heifer) have what conception rates normally?
Hinds conception 95%, Jinnoch conception 50%
why do wapiti lose weight in the rut
sexxxxxxx
why wapiti need suppelment feed after the rut
they lose weight, too busy with za sex
describe the breeding of wapiti in general (when they breed, seasonality of cycling)
seasonally polyestrus
breed September to October
estrus is 21 days
gestation is 256 days
calving is late may to early July
how to diagnose pregnancy in wapiti
rectal palpation
transrectal ultrasound
blood sample for pregnancy specific protein B
true or false: wapiti can have either a 2 wave cycle or a 3 wave cycle
truuuu just like cows beech
describe the fall transition for wapiti
the summer soltice stimulates them to start cycling and will start ovulating around sept 21st. the first cycle was a wimopy CL and is therefore a silent estrus since there is no progesterone to prime it. their first viible estrus is the second wave. This second estrus is the one the males can identify.
why is there a rut orgy for wapiti
bc everyine is in heat within the same 1-2 days so they gotta get it on fast to make sure everyone gets dick
describhe winter transiroion for wapiti
supression of CL around dec 21st and thru the winter. will still have waves but NO ovulation
wapiti can ovulate as late as
february (ovulation starts to become suppressed in december but it takes a while for them to actually stop ovulating)
the rut begins when _______ and what is stag:hind ratio
3rd week of september
1:40
when farming ya own wapiti when should you remove the males
put them in in sept, new stags in mid octerober, GONEZO by november
briefly desrobe the AI protocol for wapiti
just like in sheps!
CIDR for 12 days
prostaglandin given at day 9
eCG given on CIRD removal
inswminate 55-65 hrs after CIDR removal
do it transcervical, cum goes in uterine body
who can remove antlers?
you have to get ceritifed thru a course in order for a producer to do it. they are trained to give local anesthetic. a vet needs to sign off on this every year. there is emphasis on animal welfare!!
why cant you use epi with lidocaine for antler removal
it causes sloughing and atypical antler growth
why do we do ring block for antler removal
because unlike cows they have another nerve coming from cervical region (as well as the infratrochlear and auriculopalpebral nerves) so they just do a ring block to get them all. this is done in addition to the regional blocks as done in cows.
as oof 2023 how many wapiti farms have liscence to remove antlers?
126
as of 2023 the median and average for elk farm size is
median 39, average 70
why does the herd size for wapiti increase around 2001
because BSE, no one buy wapiti, all afraid of disease
why do people farm white tailed deer?
hunt farms (bucks), meat (but not as good as elk), hides, breeding stock, semen
what kind of eaters are white tailed deer?
concentrate selectors/browsers, really cant digest woody stuff, like to pick off the leaves, they have a relavitley smaller rumen compared to body size. have seasonal weight gain and loss just like elk
why is alfalfa a good choice feed for whiote tailed deer
they need high protein! 17% is idealy and alfalfa is high in protein
describe the repro cycles of white tailed deer
seasonally polyestrus, gestation 200 days, estrus cycle 21-30 days, doe fawns will breed in the first year if they reach 70% of their adult body weight (if they get fat enough)
white tailed deer have rut when?
november to early december, chrisrmas rut
what are the two days to do AI in white tailed deer?
same hormone protocol as in elk
can do laproscopic technique and deposit into the uterine body, done with anesthesia wirth deer on their back, this has higher conception rates
or normal AI where semen depositied into cervical ostium, still get 70% conception rates
how many white tailed deer famrms are there in alberta as of 2023?
11, this has decreased a lot over time
list some good milk replacer for bottel feeding white tailed deer
goats milk: pasturized with fortified egg yolk
can also get ungulate milk replacer or lamb replacer
why would be bottle feed a deer
if theres orphans or you wanna tame em’
how much you gotta feed the baby deer? and how often bruv?
200-300 mls per feeding 6x a day
why shouldn’t you bottle raise the bucks
they will kill you, super aggressive, try to mate with you.
