Surgeries and Medical Procedures Flashcards
what is a coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)
procedure used to treat coronary artery disease. a blood vessel is removed from one area of the body and place in the heart around the area of narrowing to bypass the blockage and restore blood flow to the heart muscle
what are coronary stents
a tube shaped device is placed in the coronary arteries that supply blood to the heart to keep the arteries open in the treatment of CAD
what is cardiac catherization
a long, thin, flexible tube called a catheter is put in a blood vessel in your arm, groin, or neck and threaded to your heart to determine if there are blockages in the coronary arteries
what is cardioversion
an abnormally fast heart rate is converted to a normal rhythm using electricity or drugs
valve repair or replacement
blood is pumped through your heart in only one direction. heart valves aid this one way blood flow opening and closing with each heartbeat. if a valve is damaged it is repaired or replaced
what does a pacemaker do
help control abnormal heart rhythms, uses electrical pulses to prompt the heart to beat normally
what is an implantable cardiac defibrillator
a device placed in chest or abdomen if you have irregular heartbeat or at risk for sudden cardiac arrest. sends electrical pulses to the heart when it senses abnormaltities
what is the difference between a pacemaker and an implantable cardiac defribillator
an ICD continually monitors heart rhythm and can send low or high energy electrical impulses to correct abnormalities. pacemakers can only send low energy electrical pulses
what is cardiac ablation
a catheter is inserted through a vein in the groin and threaded to the heart to correct structural problems in your heart from an arrhythmia
what is lithotripsy
ultrasound shock waves used to break kidney stones into small particles that can be passed out by the body through the urethra
what is a colostomy
surgical formation of an artificial anus by connecting the colon to an opening in the abdominal for a channel for feces to leave the body
what is a gastric bypass
surgical procedure to shrink the size of the stomach so the patient cannot eat as much as they normally do
what is an oophorectomy
removal of the ovaries
what is a tubal ligation
surgical procedure for sterilization in women. the Fallopian tubes are clamped or blocked
what is a vasectomy
a surgical procedure for male sterilization. the vas deferent are severed and then tied to prevent sperm from entering into the seminal stream
what is a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)
removal of part of the prostate, an instrument is inserted up the urethra to remove the section of the prostate that is blocking urine flow
what is a carotid endarterectomy
prodecure used to reduce the risk of stroke by correcting narrowing in the carotid artery
what is a ventriculoperitoneal shunt
a surgical procedure that treats a condition called hydrocephalus. this occurs when excess CSF collects in the brains ventricles. the shunt is placed to drain excess fluid
what is arteriovenous fistula or dialysis fistula
a fistula is an abnormal connection between an artery and vein. this connection is made for hemodialysis. this connection bypasses the capillaries so blood flows more rapidly
what is an arteriovenous graft or dialysis graft
an artificial vessel is used to join the artery and vein. grafts are used when the patients native vasculature does not permit. a fistula
what is dialysis
a process of purifying the blood of a person whose kidneys are not working normally
what is a peripherally inserted central catheter
a form of intravenous access that can be used for a long time. placed in the upper arm, there is an extension of the PICC line outside the body at all times
what is a port-a-cath
an IV catheter that is surgically implanted and placed underneath the skin near the clavicle. used for frequent administration of chemotherapy, blood transfusions, antibiotics. no extension outside the body
what is an inferior vena cava filter (AKA a Greenfield filter)
a type of vascular filter that is implanted into the IVC to trap blood clots and prevent them from traveling to the heart and lungs
what is arthroplasty
a surgical procedure to restore the integrity and function of a joint
