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Surg Tech 104 > Surg 104--Chapter 20 (Fuller) > Flashcards

Surg 104--Chapter 20 (Fuller) Flashcards

1
Q

Diagnostic procedures and tests are often performed as part of an assessment to _____.

A

confirm or rule out a diagnosis.

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1
Q

An _____ procedure involves breaking intact skin or mucous membrane or inserting a medical device into a body cavity.

A

invasive

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3
Q

Non_____ procedures are limited to skin contact or no direct contact with the body.

A

invasive

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3
Q

An _____ illness comes on suddenly or lasts for a short period of time.

A

acute

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5
Q

A _____ illness in a long term disease.

A

chronic

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5
Q

The _____ _____ are indicators of the patient’s overall health.

A

vital signs

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6
Q

The vital signs include _____, _____, _____ _____, and _____ _____.

A

temperature, pulse, respiratory rate, blood pressure

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8
Q

The body requires a core temperature of approximately _____.

A

99 degrees F

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8
Q

The core temperature is regulated by the _____ through a complex feed back system.

A

hypothalamus

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10
Q

The _____ _____ thermometer may be used on conscious or unconscious patients

A

tympanic membrane

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10
Q

The _____ _____ thermometer is the preferred method of temerature assessment in the clinical setting.

A

tympanic membrane

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12
Q

The normal pulse rate for an adult is _____ to _____ beats per minute.

A

60 to 100

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12
Q

The pulse is measured by _____ an artery.

A

palpating

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13
Q

The _____ is a reflection of the _____ _____ (amount of blood pumped through the heart) of each beat.

A

pulse, stroke volume

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15
Q

The _____ artery is located between the ear and the outer eye in the depression above the cheek bone.

A

temporal

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15
Q

The _____ artery is located is located in the depression between the sternocleidomastoid muscle and the trachea.

A

carotid

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17
Q

The _____ artery can be felt in the groove that runs along the side of the biceps muscle on the inside of the upper arm.

A

brachial

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17
Q

The _____ artery is most often used to asses a patient’s pulse in the clinical setting because it is easily accessible.

A

radial

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19
Q

The _____ artery is very important in surgery. It is used to cannulate the larger vessels of the trunk for an angiogram.

A

femoral

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19
Q

The _____ artery can be felt at the back of the knee in the depression at the top of the tibia.

A

popliteal

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20
Q

The _____ _____ is located on the front (top) of the foot.

A

dorsalis pedis

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22
Q

The _____ _____ artery lies in the furrow bewteen the Achilles tendon and the tibial process.

A

posterior tibial

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22
Q

When you have located the pulse, count the number of beats in _____ seconds and multiply by _____.

A

30, 2

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24
Q

If the pulse is irregular, you must count for _____ full seconds.

A

60

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24
The _____ rate is an objective assessment of the number of breaths per minute.
respiratory
26
The _____ _____ is the force exerted on the vessels walls.
blood pressure
26
The _____ _____ changes during the cardiac cycle (filling of the heart chambers and shunting of blood through the heart).
vascular pressure
28
When blood is forcefully pumped through the _____ _____, pressure is at its _____.
left ventricle, greatest
28
The pressure exerted on the walls of the blood vessels during ventricular cardiac contraction is the _____ pressure.
systolic
30
The pressure exerted on the walls of the blood vessels during the resting phase of the cardiac cycle is the _____ pressure.
diastolic
30
Normal blood pressure for an adult is _____.
120 / 80
32
Blood pressure tends to be lower in _____.
women
32
The total amount of blood pumped through the heart in 1 minute is _____ _____.
cardiac output
34
The amount of blood pumped during ventricular contraction is _____ _____.
stroke volume
34
The static pressure of the blood vessels against the flow of blood is _____ _____ _____.
peripheral vascular resistance
36
The elasticity of the vessels and heart muscle directly affects vascular pressure and is referred to as _____ of the cardiac and vascular systems.
resilience
36
During an _____ blood pressure, the pulse and blood pressure are measured with the patient in the recumbent position and again while sitting or standing.
orthostatic (postural)
38
X-rays are _____ particles with a relatively short wavelength.
electromegnetic
38
A _____ image is created when radiation passes through structures and strikes a medium.
radiographic (x-ray)
40
An extremely dense substance produces a _____ image, whereas air produces a _____ image.
white, black
40
The term _____ refers to substances that x-rays cannot penetrate.
radiopaque
42
In _____ _____, radiographic and computer technologies are combined to produce high-contrast _____ _____ images.
computed tomography (CT), cross sectional
42
An _____ _____ _____ uses radiofrequency signals and multiple fields to produce a _____-_____ image.
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), high-definition
44
MRI produces _____ or _____ _____ digital images in cross section and is used mainly to detect structural abnormalities, including tumors.
two or three dimensional
44
Ultrasound energy is generated by _____ _____ sound waves.
high frequency
46
As a diagnostic tool, the sound waves are directed at _____, which reflects the waves back to produce a real-time image.
tissue
47
When combined with the _____ technique, _____ is used in vascular surgery to track the movement of blood and provide a screen image of velocity and viscocity.
Doppler, ultrasound
47
The _____ _____ use ultrasound for specific measurement of vascular flow.
Doppler studies
49
Transcutaneous means _____ the _____.
through the skin
49
The _____ _____ _____ is a basic test used to evaluate the type and percentage of normal components in the blood.
complete blood count (CBC)
51
A blood sample is drawn from the _____.
vein
51
The _____ is a basic blood test used for screening mdical infections and other types of disease.
CBC
53
The oxygen-carrying protein attached to red blood cells (erythrocytes) is _____.
hemoglobin
53
The _____ make up most of the volume in peripheral blood.
erythrocytes
55
The _____ _____ _____ main function is to deliver oxygen to cells.
red blood cells
56
The percentage of red blood cells in the blood (by volume) is the _____.
hematocrit (HCT)
56
The _____ _____ count measures the number of each type of leukocyte by volume of blood.
differential leukocyte
58
HCT
hematocrit
59
HGB
hemoglobin
59
RBCs
red blood cells
61
MCH
mean cell hemoglobin
61
MCHC
mean cell hemoglobin concentration
63
WBC
white blood cells
64
Segs
segmented neutrophils
64
Bands
Band neutrophils
66
Eos
Eosinophils
66
Basos
Basophils
68
Monos
Monocytes
69
Lymphs
Lymphocytes
69
Plt
Platelets
71
The _____ pathway occurs at the tissue level.
extrinsic
72
The _____ pathway occurs in the vascular system.
intrinsic
72
Blood clotting is divided into two processes, the _____ pathway and the _____ pathway.
intrinsic, extrinsic
74
The _____ _____ and the _____ _____ _____ are performed to evaluate the extrinsic coagulation system.
prothrombin time (PT), partial prothromboplastin time (PTT)
75
The prothrombin time (PT) is a measurement of _____ time.
coagulaton
75
The partial prothromboplastin time (PTT) or activated partial prothromboplastin time (APTT) is commonly performed to assess the _____ ability of the _____ sequence.
functional, coagulation
77
Blood drawn for ABG testing is usually taken from the _____ atery and must be kept _____.
atrial, cold
78
A person's _____ _____ _____ is based on inherited antigens found on the surface of red blood cells.
ABO blood group (blood type)
78
Found mainly in the cells, _____ is necessary for the transmission of nerve impulses to skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle.
potassium
80
Decreased serum potassium is _____.
hypokalemia
81
The most plentiful electrolyte found outside the cell, _____ is responsible for regulation of body and cellular fluids and plays a critical role in the transport of substances into and out of the cell.
sodium
82
Low sodium is _____.
hyponatremia
82
Found in cells and extracellulare fluid, _____ is important in promoting myocardial contraction and in the conversion of thrombin to prothrombin.
calcium
84
Important in the neurotransmission of all muscles (especially the myocardium), _____ is also necessary for the transport of sodium and potassium through the cell membrane.
magnesium
85
The surgical removal of a small portion of tissue is an _____.
excision
85
The removal of tissue with a hollow needle or trocar, which is inserted into the tissue is _____.
needle or trocar biopsy
87
During a _____ _____, a biopsy brush is used to sweep a hollow lumenor cavity for cells.
brush biopsy
88
After biopsy, the brush is withdrawn and immediately swished in _____ _____ or _____.
liquid preservative, saline
89
A _____ is obtained by passing a swab or small brush over superficial tissue.
smear
90
During an _____ _____, fluid for pathological exam may be removed from semi-solid tissue by aspirating the fluid.
aspiration biopsy

Surg Tech 104 (9 decks)

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