Surface Anatomy, Clinical Examination

Question 1

midsagittal plane

Answer 1

divides body into L/R

Question 2

coronal plane

Answer 2

aka front plane, divides body into anterior/posterior

Question 3

where is the jugular notch

Answer 3

at the superior border of the manubrium of the sternum

Question 4

where is angle of Louis, why is it an important location?

Answer 4

aka sternal angle, where manubrium and body of sternum meet

it is where the second rib articulates with the sternum (you can begin counting ribs here)

also the level at which the trachea bifurcates into lobar bronchi (3 on right, 2 on left)

Question 5

costal margin

Answer 5

lower margin of the ribs

Question 6

the transpyloric plane is roughly halfway between the ____ and ____

Answer 6

transpyloric plane is halfway between jugular notch and pubic symphysis

Question 7

supracristal plane

Answer 7

plane of the iliac crest

level of fourth lumbar vertebrae

Question 8

the dome of the diaphragm is more superior on what side

Answer 8

right

Question 9

the gallbladder is located approximately at the junction of the ____ plane and the ___ line

Answer 9

transpyloric plane and midclavicular line

Question 10

aorta becomes abdominal aorta once it passes through the ____ (bonus: at which rib?)

Answer 10

aortic hiatus at about T12

Question 11

just inferior to the umbilicus at about L4, the aorta divides into a R/L ____

this then becomes ____ after passing deep to the inguinal ligaments

Answer 11

aorta divides into right and left common iliac artery

R/L common iliac become femoral artery

Question 12

the renal arteries are just inferior to the ___ plane

Answer 12

transpyloric

Question 13

Mcburney’s point

Answer 13

location of appendix, a third away from the anterior superior spine to the umbilicus

Question 14

the superior border of the heart is roughly at the level of the ___ rib

Answer 14

third

Question 15

this large artery can be seen to the right of the sternal angle of Louis before curving behind the manubrium on the left. what is?

Answer 15

aorta

Question 16

the trachea bifurcates into ___ at the level of ___

Answer 16

lobar bronchi (3 on right, 2 on left) at level of sternal angle of louis

Question 17

lines of pleural reflection

Answer 17

indicates max extent of pleural cavity

Question 18

Erb’s point

Answer 18

found at third intercostal space on left sternal boarder of heart - where S1 and S2 are heard equally

Question 19

what is the point of maximum impulse (PMI)

Answer 19

aka mitral area, where the left ventricle hits against the chest wall

Question 20

inferior to the thyroid cartilage of the neck is the ___ cartilage and the ____ membrane

Answer 20

cricoid thyroid and cricoid thyroid membrane (where emergency airway procedures take place)

Question 21

where do emergency airway procedures take place

Answer 21

cricoid thyroid membrane

Question 22

the isthmus of the thyroid crosses at the __ tracheal ring

Answer 22

3rd

Question 23

what is a thrill and what is it associated with

Answer 23

felt by putting hand across pericardium - like a kitten purring under the skin

associated with significant murmur

Question 24

S1 is systole/diastole? what valves are closing?

Answer 24

systole - closing of tricuspid and mitral (bicuspid) valves, aka AV valves (atrioventricular)

Question 25

what valves close during diastole

Answer 25

S2 - aortic and pulmonary valves close. heart is resting

Question 26

in the lower neck the common carotid lies deep to which muscle

Answer 26

sternocleidomastoid (SCM)

Question 27

the aortic valve is best auscultated at the

Answer 27

2nd intercostal space to the right of the sternum

Question 28

what bifurcates at the level of the umbilicus

Answer 28

aorta

Question 29

auscultation of the right middle lobe of the lung is best heart at the

Answer 29

fifth intercostal space

Question 30

the abdominal aorta lies slightly to the R/L of midline

Answer 30

left