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Anatomy (Neck, Chest, Abdomen, Pelvis) > Abdomen > Flashcards

Abdomen Flashcards

1
Q

the abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity are separated by the ___ which runs from the pubic symphysis to the sacral promontory

A

pelvic inlet

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2
Q

the abdominal cavity is lined by ____

the gut tube is covered by ____

A

abdominal cavity lined by parietal peritoneum,

which is continuous with covering of gut tube called visceral peritoneum

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3
Q

the ____ connects the gut tube to the body wall

A

mesentery

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4
Q

peritoneal structures vs retroperitoneal structures

A

peritoneal: have mesentery which are usually attached to posterior body wall, mobile structures
retroperitoneal: no mesentery, blood vessels/nerves/lymphatics run behind parietal peritoneum, attached to posterior abdominal wall, immobile structures

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5
Q

what mesentery connects to the greater curvature and lesser curvature of the stomach?

A

omentum (large fold of peritoneum) connects to greater curvature
lesser omentum connects to lesser curvature

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6
Q

hepatoduodenal ligament

A

the portion of the lesser omentum which runs from the duodenum to the liver

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7
Q

the hepatoduodenal ligament marks the anterior border of the ____ foramen, which connects the main peritoneal cavity with the lesser peritoneal cavity (aka omental bursa)

A

omental or epicploic foramen

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8
Q

omental bursa is aka

A

lesser peritoneal cavity or lesser sac

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9
Q

what does the hepatic triad consist of

A

hepatic artery, bile duct, portal vein

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10
Q

which parts of the duodenum are retroperitoneal

A

first part - peritoneal
second (descending) - retroperitoneal
third (horizontal) - retroperitoneal
fourth (ascending) - peritoneal as it transitions to jejunum

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11
Q

the pancreas is retroperitoneal except for…

A

its tail as it approaches the hilus of the spleen

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12
Q

the bile duct empties into the duodenum at the

A

major duodenal papilla (adjacent to the pancreatic duct)

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13
Q 
which of these are peritoneal structures:
stomach
small intestine
ascending colon
transverse colon
descending colon
sigmoid colon
rectum
A 
peritoneal:
stomach
small intestine
transverse colon
sigmoid colon

retroperitoneal:
ascending colon
descending colon
rectum

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14
Q

T/F: the adrenal gland is in the retroperitoneum

A

TRUE

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15
Q

what are the 3 main vessels supplying the GI tract and where doe they arise from

A

from superior to inferior:
celiac trunk, superior mesenteric artery, inferior mesenteric artery

arise from anterior surface of the aorta

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16
Q

at what structure does the foregut end? What vessel supplies it?

A

stomach, liver, pancreas, ends at duodenal papilla

supplied by celiac trunk

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17
Q

the superior and inferior mesenteric veins and the splenic vein drain into the portal vein, which trains into the ____ of the liver where blood is mixed with arterial blood from the hepatic artery

A

hepatic sinusoids

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18
Q

aorta becomes abdominal aorta as it passes through ___ at T_

A

aortic hiatus at T12

note esophageal hiatus is at T10

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19
Q

the midline of the abdomen is lined by the

A

linea alba

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20
Q

the omental bursa (lesser peritoneal sac) is anterior/posterior to the lesser omentum and stomach?

A

posterior

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21
Q

the abdominal aorta lies to the left or right of the midline?

A

slightly left

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22
Q

the inferior epigastric artery runs deep to this abdominal muscle

A

rectus abdominis

23
Q

This lobe of the liver is found in the lesser peritoneal sac

A

Caudate lobe

24
Q

The hepatic triad is contained in the

A

Heptaduodenal ligament

25
Q

What are the 3 branches of the celiac trunk

A

Left gastric artery - supplies lesser curvature of stomach
Splenic artery
Common hepatic artery - gives off gastroduodenal artery to become proper hepatic artery

26
Q 
Which of these is not a branch of the celiac trunk?
Splenic artery
Esophogeal artery
Common hepatic artery
Left gastric artery
A

Esophogeal artery

27
Q

The (L/R) hepatic artery gives off a cystic artery to the gallbladder

A

Right hepatic artery

28
Q

The bile duct is formed by the conversion of

A

Cystic duct

Common hepatic duct

29
Q

During fetal life blood returns from placenta via umbilical vein and bypasses liver via

A

Ductus venosus to enter SVC

in adulthood this becomes ligomentum venosum between caudate and left lobes of liver

30
Q

The pancreas is found within the curve of the

A

Duodenum

31
Q

The right and left parts of the greater curvature of the stomach are supplied by the R/L…

A

Gastroepiploic arteries

32
Q

Bile duct and pancreatic duct converge at this structure

A

Ampulla

33
Q

The interior of the duodenum has many circular fold called

A

Plicae circulares

34
Q

The bile duct and pancreatic duct open in the duodenum at that ____ which is surrounded by a circular mucosal fold

A

Duodenal papilla

Ducts open at sphincter of Oddi

35
Q

Longitudinal folds of stomach

A

Rugae

36
Q

The portal vein is formed by the convergence of the

A

Splenic vein

Superior mesenteric vein

37
Q

Function of hepatic portal system

A

Carries nutrient rich blood from digestive tract to liver for processing

38
Q

Whipple procedure

A

Remove duodenum and head of pancreas (because of cancer)

Connect jenunum to pancreas, and connect bile duct and pyloric sphincter to jenunum

39
Q

How does the liver drain

A

Via hepatic vein into IVC

40
Q

The avascular plane along the lateral and posterior border of the ascending/descending colon can be found at this line:

A

White line of Toldt

41
Q

Where is adrenal gland in relation to kidney

A

Superior, medial

42
Q

The fascia covering the kidney and adrenal gland

A

Gerota’s fascia

43
Q

The minor calyces of the kidney are found at the tips of the ____ and drain into the major calyces which drain into the…

A

Minor calyces formed at tips of renal papillar

Major calyces drain into renal pelvis

44
Q

The celiac ganglion is posterior to the IVC and medial to the suprarenal gland. This region is sometimes called the

A

Solar plexus

45
Q

The adrenal artery arises from the

A

Renal artery

46
Q

Between the celiac artery and the adrenal gland is the

A

Celiac plexus

47
Q

The inferior pancreaticduodenal artery is a branch of the

A

Superior mesenteric artery (its first branch)

48
Q

The ileocolic branch of the superior mesenteric artery supplies the…

A

Appendix and cecum

49
Q

The middle colic artery divides into R/L marginal arteries. The L marginal artery ascends and becomes the

A

Marginal artery of Drummond

50
Q

Arcades

A

Regions of interconnections of vasculature

51
Q

The left colic branch of the inferior mesenteric artery supplies the

A

Sigmoid and descending colon

52
Q

the superior mesenteric artery supplies this region…

A

second part of duodenum to distal third of transverse colon

53
Q

the marginal artery of Drummond connects…

A

superior and inferior mesenteric arteries

Anatomy (Neck, Chest, Abdomen, Pelvis) (5 decks)

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