Supreme Court Cases Flashcards
Dredd Scott v. Sandford
Supported the interests of slave owners. Increased tension before civil war
Brown v. The Board of Education Topeka Kansas
Began the process of school desegregation. Overturned Plessy v. Ferguson
Marbury v. Madison
Established Judicial Review
Engel v. Vitale
Strengthened separation between church and state.
In Re Gault
This guaranteed juveniles some of the same rights as adults
Gibbons vs. Ogden
Congress could regulate interstate activity. Also allowed federal regulation of national businesses
Gideon v. Wainwright
It gave the defendants access to an attorney even if they were to poor.
Heart of Atlanta Motel inc. v. United States
Confirmed power of congress to enforce equal rights and prohibit discrimination
Katz v. United States
Changed the 4th amendment “search” section. In the electronic age, the amendment needed to be altered
Korematsu v. United States
Government actions mat not be based on race during wartime. It is very controversial
Lemon v. Kurtzman
Dealt with state interactions with religious institutions. It resulted in a test to determine if these interactions were constitutional
Mapp v. Ohio
A trail could not use evidence from an illegal search. Controversial because criminals were free if police broke the law
McColloch v. Maryland
Established that the congress’ powers are not limited to those in the constitution
Miranda v. Arizona
Established Miranda Rights
NAACP v. Alabama
Privacy of membership lists may be necessary to preserve freedom of association
New Jersey v. T. L. O.
Flexibility of fourth amendment and balanced the privacy rights of students
Plessy v. Ferguson
Allowed seperate but equal facilities. They weren’t equal
Schenck v. United States
Created “clear and present danger” clause to the first amendment. Speech may be limited if it poses a danger
Tinker v. Des Moines Public Schools
Students can express opinions as long as it doesn’t disrupt education.
United States v. Nixon
The president is not above the law. The courts may force the president to produce tapes or documents for review
Weeks v. United States
Used exclusionary clause. Prevented government from using illegally obtained evidence against a criminal
Wessberry v. Sanders
Created “one man, one vote”. Congressional districts must be equal in population
