Civics Chapter 8

Question 0

Dependent

Answer 0

The party who answers a complaint and defends against it in a court case

Question 1

Plaintiff

Answer 1

An individual or a group of people who bring a complaint against another party in a civil case

Question 2

Prosecution

Answer 2

A government body that brings a charge against a defendant who is accused of breaking one of its laws

Question 3

Precedent

Answer 3

A guideline to how similar cases should be decided in the future

Question 4

Original jurisdiction

Answer 4

A court’s authority to hear a case first

Question 5

Appeal

Answer 5

To ask a higher court to review a decision and determine whether justice was done

Question 6

Appellate jurisdiction

Answer 6

A court’s authority to hear an appeal of a decision by another court

Question 7

Courts of appeal

Answer 7

Courts that handle appeals from lower federal district courts

Question 8

Circuit courts

Answer 8

Another name for courts of appeals

Question 9

Judicial review

Answer 9

The Supreme Court’s power to overturn any law that it decides is in conflict with the Constitution

Question 10

Opinion

Answer 10

A written statement from the court explaining the reasons for a decision

Question 11

Judicial activism

Answer 11

An effort by judges to take an active role in policymaking by overturning laws relatively often

Question 12

Judicial restraint

Answer 12

An effort by judges to avoid overturning laws and to leave policymaking up to the other two branches of government