Suprahyoid/Extrinsic Tongue Muscles

Question 1

Which muscle contains an intermediate tendon that is strapped to the hyoid bone by a fibrous loop?

Answer 1

Digastric

Question 2

What are the origins of the digastric muscle?

Answer 2

Anterior Belly: Digastric Fossa

Posterior Belly: Mastiod Process

Question 3

What is the nerve innervation of the digastric?

Answer 3

Anterior Belly: Cervical branch of Facial Nerve (CN VII)

Posterior Belly: Nerve to Mylohyoid (Off of CN V)

Question 4

What is the function of digastric?

Answer 4

1) Elevates the hyoid bone for swallowing

2) Depresses the Mandible when the hyoid is fixed

Question 5

Which muscle is directly deep to the digastric?

Answer 5

Mylohyoid

Question 6

Which suprahyoid muscle has an attachment point on a median raphe to the contralateral muscle of the same name?

Answer 6

Mylohyoid

Question 7

What is the nerve innervation of the Mylohyoid Muscle?

Answer 7

Nerve to Mylohyoid (From CN V)

Question 8

What is the function of the Mylohyoid?

Answer 8

Elevates the hyoid bone and the floor of the mouth

Question 9

What is the origin of the mylohyoid?

Answer 9

Mylohyoid line of the mandible

Question 10

What is the insertion point of the mylohyoid?

Answer 10

1) Body of the hyoid bone

2) Median Raphe

Question 11

Which muscle takes its origin from the inferior mental spine?

Answer 11

Geniohyoid

Question 12

Which muscle takes its origin from the superior mental spine?

Answer 12

Genioglossus

Question 13

What is the nerve innervation of the Geniohyoid muscle?

Answer 13

C1 fibers through the hypoglossal nerve

Question 14

What is the nerve innervation of the Genioglossus muscle?

Answer 14

Hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)

Question 15

Which muscle is the largest muscle of the tongue?

Answer 15

Genioglossus

Question 16

What muscle has a function to draw the tongue forward and protrude the tip of the tongue (Stick the tongue out)?

Answer 16

Genioglossus

Question 17

Which muscle has its origin from the body and greater horn of the hyoid bone from its upper surface?

Answer 17

Hypoglossus

Question 18

What is the nerve innervation of the hypoglossus?

Answer 18

Hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)

Question 19

What is the function of the hypoglossus?

Answer 19

drawing the tongue downward (as to say “ah”)

Question 20

There is an anatomical variation what will take its origin from the lesser horn of the hyoid bone. What is this muscular variation called and what muscle does it originate from?

Answer 20

• Chondroglossus

- It is a variation from the hypoglossus

Question 21

What two muscles take their origins from the styloid process?

Answer 21

1) Styloglossus

2) Stylohyoid

Question 22

Which muscle has an insertion point on the sides of the tongue?

Answer 22

Styloglossus

Question 23

What is the function of the styloglossus?

Answer 23

Draws the tongue upward and backward

Question 24

What is the nerve innervation of the styloglossus?

Answer 24

Hypoglossal Nerve (CN XII)

Question 25

What is the insertion point of the stylohyoid muscle?

Answer 25

Body of the hyoid bone?

Question 26

What is the nerve innervation of the stylohyoid muscle?

Answer 26

Facial Nerve (CN VII)

Question 27

What is the function of the stylohyoid muscle?

Answer 27

elevates the hyoid bone and tongue

Question 28

The stylohyoid muscle is pierced by what?

Answer 28

Intermediate tendon of digastric