Supporting Studies

Question 1

What study supports the 2 process model (white rat)

Answer 1

Little Albert study (hammer banged against a steel bar and this loud noise was linked with a white rat, leading to a conditioned phobia of white rats due to classical conditioning)

Question 2

What study supports the 2 process model (car accidents)

Answer 2

DiGallo (20% of people who suffered traumatic car accidents don’t drive anymore or get driven, they have developed a phobia of cars)

Question 3

What study opposes the 2 process model (dog phobia)

Answer 3

Di Nardo et al. (researchers compared half a group with a dog phobia with another half without a dog phobia and found out that only half of the phobia group had traumatic past experiences with dogs implying that phobias may be acquired through individual differences and genes)

Question 4

What study supports systematic desensitisation (aeroplanes)

Answer 4

Capafons et al - 1998 (20 patients with a phobia of flying were given hourly treatment and after facing a flight simulator at the end, they showed lower levels of fear

Question 5

What study supports systematic desensitisation (noise phobia)

Answer 5

McGrath et al - 1990 (successfully treated a group of people with noise phobia and 75% of these were responded well and improved)

Question 6

What study opposes systematic desensitisation (dangerous phobias)

Answer 6

Ohman et al - 1975 (he struggled to treat patients who had phobias with a survival component such as the dark, heights, and dangerous animals because they enabled our ancestors to survive so are harder and less effective to remove)