Supplements Flashcards
1
Q
Botanical/Herbal supplements
A
Echinaecea Garlic Ginkgo Ginseng Milk Thistle St. Johns Wort Saw Palmetto
2
Q
Purified supplements
A
Coenzyme Q
Glucosamine
Melatonin
3
Q
Echinaecea
- What do you use it for?
- Adverse effects?
- Drug interactions
A
- Improves immune function and decreases inflammation. Antibacterial, anti fungal, antiviral and antioxidant effects.
- Flu like symptoms, unpleasant taste, GI, rash
- Avoid in patients with immune deficiencies or auto immune diseases.
4
Q
Garlic
- What do you use it for?
- Adverse effects?
- Drug interactions
A
- Cardiovascular: Decrease cholesterol, platelets, and blood pressure.
Antibiotic effects - Nausea, hyportension (bc decreasing BP), allergy, blood thinner/bleeding (decrease platelets)
- Avoid in patients taking a blood thinner (anti-clotting medication). Monitor BP
5
Q
Ginkgo
- What do you use it for?
- Adverse effects?
- Drug interactions
A
- Cardiovascular. Increases blood flow and vasodilation. Antioxidant. Central nervous system change in receptor densities. Improvement in cognition/concentration.
- Nausea, headache, stomach upset, insomnia
- Avoid in pts taking anti platelet or anti coagulant medications. Avoid in patients with seizure disorders due to CNS effects.
6
Q
Ginseng
- What do you use it for?
- Adverse effects?
- Drug interactions
A
1. Does a TON. Improves immune function. Increases CNS levels of Ach, serotonin, NE and dopamine. Antioxidant. Anti-inflammatory. Anti stress. Anti platelet (blood thinner) Improved glucose homeostasis. Anti cancer.
- Bleeding, insomnia, nervousness, hypertension
- Caution in patients taking psychiatric or blood thinning medications. Caution in patients with immune diseases.
7
Q
Milk thistle
- What do you use it for?
- Adverse effects?
- Drug interactions
A
- Decreases liver disease.
Chemotherapeautic effects: Reduce tumor initiation in skin cancer by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest.
Lactaction induced - GI upset and HA
- NKD interactions
8
Q
St. John’s Wort
- What do you use it for?
- Adverse effects?
- Drug interactions
A
- Antidepressant. Inhibits serotonin, NE, dopamine re-uptake. Increase expression of serotonin expression. Will improve mood.
Antiviral and anti carcinogenic effects. - Photosensitization and mood swings (comes along with anti depressant)
- Avoid in patients using antidepressants. Will induce CYP enzymes, which will reduce levels of other drugs including birth control, NNRT, warfarin.
9
Q
Saw Palmetto
- What do you use it for?
- Adverse effects?
- Drug interactions
A
- Treatment of BPH. Reduces DHT synthesis and DTH binding to androgen receptors.
- Abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, fatigue, HA
- NKD interactions
10
Q
Coenzyme Q
- What do you use it for?
- Adverse effects?
- Drug interactions
A
- Found in mitochondria of several organs. Potent antioxidant that can be used for:
Hypertension (vasodilation causes decrease BP)
Heart failure
Ischemic heart disease
Prevention of statin induced muscle soreness - GI upset in very few people
- May decrease the effects of warfarin
11
Q
Glucosamine
- What do you use it for?
- Adverse effects?
- Drug interactions
A
Found in human tissue. Substrate for production of cartilage. Derived from crabs and crustaceans.
- Increase cartilage building blocks
- Very well tolerated. Mild GI symptoms and don’t take if shellfish allergy.
- Increase effect of warfarin.
12
Q
Melatonin
- What do you use it for?
- Adverse effects?
- Drug interactions
A
Serotonin derivative
- Regulates sleep/wake cycle.
- Next day drowsiness, fatigue, dizziness, HA, irritability, may increase or decrease BP
- Not studied. Maybe with NSAIDS, antidepressants, warfarin.