Superpowers (Key Terms) Flashcards
What are the characteristics of superpowers?
A) Economic- Foundation of power. Superpower have high GDP and can make money globally through TNC ownership and stable currency.
B) Political- Influence in IGOs (e.g UN) and other countries behaviour and policies.
C) Military- Used to threaten, invade, defend and aid. Superpowers spend significant
% of GDP on military and export tech to allies.
D) Cultural- Ideology which other countries follow. Strong influence on arts, food and fashion.
E) Demographic- Large, healthy and educated population= larger military and labour force. More migrants entering than leaving.
F) Increased resources= less reliance on other countries. Influence others for profit. Energy and metal= very powerful.
What is Rostow’s modernisation theory?
Split into 5 stages:
1) Traditional society- Subsistence farming
2) Pre-conditions for take off- Building infrastructure, specialising
3) Take off- Industrialisation
4) Drive to maturity- Adaption to global culture
5) High mass consumption- Throw away society, advanced tech
• Theory states that countries develop in this order through trade, capitalism and democracy
•- Outdated as China and India have developed
What is Franks Dependency Theory?
The world is split into a ‘core’ and ‘periphery’.
• The core gives manufactured goods, aid, polluting industry and ideologies to the periphery.
• The periphery suffers brain drain, gives raw materials, political support and repays debt to the core.
• The periphery is kept poor
•+ Shows how countries can exploit others
•- Too simple to define all countries
What is Wallersteins World Systems Theory?
• The world is split into 3 sections:
Core- OECD countries,Us and EU superpowers.
Semi periphery- NICs of Latin America and Asia.
Periphery- rest of developing world.
• Core countries exploit the workforce in semi periphery countries for cheap labour.
• Periphery countries supply raw materials to semi periphery and core countries
•+ Shows how all countries are dependent on each other
•- No clear dividing lines
What is the OECD?
The Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development is an organisation made up of 38 countries which make policies to promote sustainable economic growth.
What are the 3 patterns of power?
Unipolar, Bipolar and Multipolar world
What is soft power?
Soft power is the power of persuasion
What is hard power?
Hard power is using force to achieve a goal
What is a sphere of influence?
The area in which a powerful country can assert its authority
