Health, Human Rights and Interventions (Case Studies) Flashcards
What are some key facts about Algeria? (An example of health and development)
Between 1980 and 2014:
•+ GDP per capita increased by about 30%
•+ Life expectancy from birth increased by 16.6 years to 76
•+ Expected years of schooling increased by 4.5 years
•+ HDI rose from 0.574 to 0.736, one of the highest in Africa (0.784 in 2020)
•- 73% literacy rate for females, 87% for males
•- 20% of rural population lack access to safe sanitation
•- 23% still live below national poverty line
• Strong leadership
• Progress has been largely due to oil revenue (98% of export earnings) which has drived public investment
What are some key facts about Mali, as of 2020? (An example of health and development)
• Life expectancy of 60.8 years
• 2018- 43 births per 1,000 people, leading to overcrowding in capital city of Bamako
• 2015- 114 out of 1000 Malian children die by age 5
• Child marriage and female genital mutilation are common, contributing to 630 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births
• Malaria causes 24% of deaths
• 78.5% of rural Malians lack access to proper sanitation
• 44.9% are in poverty
• Literacy rate is 35%
• HDI= 0.434
What are some key facts about France? (An example of how government spending varies)
• Government spending= 56% of GDP
• Majority of France’s health budget is government funded
• 2016- 40 years work= £15k annual state pension (UK was £7.5k in 2018)
• 2015- £8,500 spent per student per year (UK was £7,000 in top spending region, inner London, £3,750 in rural areas)
What are some key facts about Saudia Arabia? (An example of how government spending varies)
• Half of the 10 million employees are from overseas
• Everything in the country depends on decisions of the royal family, such as driving bans on women
• Health care system is 80% state funded, high quality hospitals and state healthcare is free
What are some key facts about the Yugoslav wars? (An example of potential war crimes)
• Yugoslavia is made up of Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Serbia, Montenegro and Macedonia
• Tensions suppressed by President Tito
• 1980- Tito dies, tensions emerge
• 1991- Croatia and Slovenia declare independence, causing conflict with the majority Serb Yugoslav army
• 1992- Bosnia tries to leave, war ensues until 1995
• Other countries leave, including a brutal Kosovo-Yugoslav war
• More than 130,000 killed
Potential war crimes include:
- Ethnic cleansing in Bosnia; Done to link Serb dominated regions
- Killing in Srebrenica; Serbian troops disguised as peacekeepers
What are some key facts about Singapore? (An example of human rights concerns)
• Death penalty for crimes including drug related offences
• Broad and restrictive laws to silence criticism of the government
• The Protection from Online Falsehoods and Manipulation Act (POFMA) gives the government broad discretionary powers to censor online content
• Women and girls experience sexual and gender-based violence. Sexual harassment in the workplace remains prevalent
What are some key facts about Indonesia? (An example of human rights concerns)
2015 report by the US suggested the government:
- Not conducted transparent public investigations into all alleged abused of human rights
- Used torture 84 times
- Applied treason, blasphemy, defamation and decency laws, restricting freedom of expression
• Separatist movement in West Papua is source of multiple human rights violations, such as four civilians shot dead in a peaceful protest in 2014
• Aceh province now operates Sharia law= public canings of those accused of gambling, alcohol consumption or adultery
From 1980-2014, how what percentage has GDP per capita increased in Algeria?
30%
From 1980-2014, how many years has life expectancy increased by in Algeria?
16.6 years (To 76 years)
Why has progress occurred in Algeria?
Strong leadership
Oil exports (98% of export earnings)
What is the life expectancy in Mali (as of 2020)?
60.8 years
In Mali, what % of deaths are caused by malaria?
24%
What is Malis HDI?
0.434
How many children per 1000 in Mali die before age 5?
114
In 2016 France, how much state pension would be given for working 40 years?
£15,000/year (Compared to 7,500 in the UK in 2018)
In Saudi Arabia, how much of the healthcare system is funded by the state?
80%
What proportion of employees in Saudi Arabia are from overseas?
Half of 10 million
What are examples of war crimes which occurred in the Yugoslav wars?
1) Ethnic cleansing in Bosnia to link Serb dominated regions
2) Killing in Srebrenica- Serb forces disguised as peacekeepers
How many people were killed in the Yugoslav wars?
Over 130,000
What is the act that allows the Singaporean government to censor online content?
Protection from Online Falsehoods and Manipulation Act (POFMA)
How has Indonesia committed human rights violations in West Papua?
Four civilians shot dead after a peaceful separatist protest in 2014
How have human rights been violated in the Aceh province?
Since Sharia law is followed, gambling, alcohol consumption and adultery can be met with public canings
When was president Gaddafi overthrown?
2011
How much has the US spent on the war and occupation of Afghanistan?
$2.3 Trillion
