superpower relations near the end of the cold war Flashcards
how big was the invasion force that landed at the bay of pigs on the 17th of April 1961
2000
what was in salt 1
it limited the amount of each weapon a country could have
what were the three parts of the helsinki accords in August 1975
borders could not be altered by force,
having closer relations / trade deals,
respecting human rights and freedoms
why did the helsinki accords cause some disagreement on the part of the ussr
they didnt have the same understanding of human rights
what was salt 2 supposed to include
limiting the number and type of nuclear missiles countries could own
what events had lead to the spirit of the detente begging to fade by 1979
ussr invasion of afghanistan
where did soviet troops invade on christmas eve in 1979
afghanistan
what was the name of the pro soviet leader that was put in place in afghanistan
babrak kamal
what was the name of the afghan fighters who stood up against babrak kamal
mejaheddin
how much did the war cost the ussr per year
8.2 billion
how many soviet troops were killed
50,000
how did carter respond to this invasion
the carter doctrine,
sending troops to the arabian gulf,
boycotting the moscow olympics,
stopping grain shipments
where was the 1980 olympics held
moscow
why did it matter that the usa chose to boycott the olympics
they were willing to mix politics with sport, which the olympics had always sought to avoid happening
what was reagan’s attitude to the ussr and what did he call the ussr in a speech in 1983
wanted to destroy communism, called them “evil”
what is gorbachev alleged to have said to his wife about the ussr when he became leader in 1985
communism was doomed
what was the english translation of his two policies, glasnost and perestroika
glasnost - open opinion and free speech
perestroika - reconstructing the economy to allow independent businesses
how did these policies change the ussr
allowed people to question the communist government
why did gorbachev go to the reykjavik summit meeting with a desire to find agreement on reducing nuclear weapons
ussr economy was broken and so they couldn’t afford to put money into nuclear weapons
what treaty was signed in december 1987 between the usa and the ussr
INF - reduced the numbers of short range missiles
what did gorbachev announce to the un in november 1988
he was reducing the soviet army by 500,000 men
when did hungary take its fence with non-communist austria down
1989
what did huge numbers of east germans begin doing in september 1989 and through which country
leaving germany through hungary
when did the border between east and west germany open and what happened to the wall
1989, the wall was destroyed from both sides
what was the velvet revolution in czechoslovakia
a peaceful revolution from communist to democratic rule
what happened to the brutal communist president of romania in december 1989
he was hung by his own people
what reasons were there for why the warsaw pact countries began to act so independantly
gorbachev said he wouldn’t uphold the brezhnev doctrine,
allowed freedom of speech,
end of the cold war,
economy was in a bad state
how did communist hardliners turn on gorbachev because of the breakup of the warsaw pact
they arrested him and tried to take over his power using force
what happened when gorbachev announced his resignation as leader of the ussr on christmas day 1991
the communist party was outlawed and yeltsin took over rule of russia. all parts of the ussr became independent countries
