medicine through time

Question 1

What new theories developed the Renaissance?

Answer 1

Contagion and that there might be seeds in the air that caused disease.

Question 2

How did Thomas Sydenham, in 1676, challenge the very basis of the Four Humours?

Answer 2

He argued disease was something that attacked the body, not something that happened because of imbalances with in.

Question 3

What did Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek, in 1702, claim he could see through a microscope?

Answer 3

Animalcules on food

Question 4

What theory was increasingly popular for explaining animalcules around 1800?

Answer 4

Spontaneous Generation

Question 5

What year did germ theory get published and by who?

Answer 5

1861 - Louis Pasteur

Question 6

What were the “four principles of germ theory”?

Answer 6

1. Germs are everywhere around us in the air, 2.Germs cause decay, decay does not “spontaneously” generate them, 3.Germs are not evenly distributed, 4.Germs can be killed by heating them up.

Question 7

What methods of preventing illness became more popular during the Renaissance?

Answer 7

Quarantining sick people and avoiding mess / bad air all together.

Question 8

During which century did inoculation become popular in Britain?

Answer 8

During the 18th century, the 1700s

Question 9

When did Edward Jenner discover the Smallpox vaccination?

Answer 9

1796

Question 10

Describe the growth of chemical chemistry as a new form of treatment in the Renaissance.

Answer 10

Chemical chemistry was made famous by Paracelsus in 1526 and became more popular in the 1600s. It involved experimenting with chemicals like arsenic, mercury and antimony.

Question 11

What was the name of the book published in 1618 that included details on 122 chemical treatments

Answer 11

The Pharmacopoeia Londinensis

Question 12

What was discovered about antibodies in the late 19th century?

Answer 12

The body created these to fight off disease

Question 13

Name three chemical cures, in time order, developed in the 20th century.

Answer 13

Salvarsan 606, Prontosil, Penicillin.

Question 14

who developed the theory of the four humors

Answer 14

Hippocrates

Question 15

How did galen take this theory further

Answer 15

he theorised that you could cancel out the imbalance in the humors by doing something to counter what was supposedly making you ill

Question 16

who was first to theorise that the body was made up of chemicals and that chemicals could be created to cure sickness.

Answer 16

Paracelsus

Question 17

what did Vesalius publish and what did it contain

Answer 17

he published “the fabric of the human body” which corrected many of galens mistakes about anatomy

Question 18

what theory did william harvey come up with

Answer 18

the circulation in the early 1600s

Question 19

who developed the first vaccination through observing that milkmaids were immune to smallpox as they had cowpox before

Answer 19

edward jenner

Question 20

what did edwin chadwick want the government to do

Answer 20

help the poor to stop the spread of illness

Question 21

who developed the first anesthetic and what was it made from

Answer 21

james simpson found that chloroform would make you unconscious for a short time

Question 22

how id florence nightingale improve hospitals

Answer 22

she improved training and conditions in hospitals during the crimean war

Question 23

what did john snow discover about water and what did he improve

Answer 23

john snow discovered that water was the cause of cholera, he also invented a safer method of using chloroform, a dispenser

Question 24

how did robert koch take the germ theory further

Answer 24

he found the germs that caused specific diseases in the 1880s

Question 25

what did Alexander Fleming write a paper on and when

Answer 25

he wrote a paper on the healing substance around mould in 1928

Question 26

what did Howard Florey and Ernst Chain use alexander fleming research for

Answer 26

they used alexander fleming’s research to create penicillin