Superficial Triangles Flashcards
What neck muscle does the cervical branch of the facial nerve (VII) innervate?
Platysma
What innervates the trapezius m?
Spinal accessory nerve (XI)
Small cervical contribution from C3-4
What neck muscles does the spinal accessory nerve (XI) innervate?
Trapezius m
Sternocleidomastoid m
What are the 3 landmarks of the neck?
Sixth cervical vertebra
Greater cornu of hyoid bone
Anterior scalene m
What innervates the sternocleidomastoid m?
Spinal accessory nerve (XI)
Small cervical contributions from C2-3
What creates the border of the posterior (lateral) triangle?
Middle 1/3 clavicle
Trapezius m
Sternocleidomastoid m
What forms the roof of the posterior (lateral) triangle?
Platysma
What conjunction forms the external jugular vein?
Posterior auricular vein
Retromandibular vein
What does the conjunction of the posterior auricular and retromandibular veins form?
External jugular vein
What are the contents of the posterior (lateral) triangle?
External jugular vein Spinal accessory nerve Lesser occipital nerve (C2-3) Great auricular n (C2-3) Transverse cervical n (C2-3) Supraclavicular n (C3-4) Phrenic n Brachial plexus Inferior omohyod m Transverse cervical a
What are the important contents in the root of the neck?
Carotid sheath (internal jugular v, vagus n, common carotid a) Subclavian v Subclavian a Anterior scalene m Phrenic n Brachial plexus
Describe the relationship of the subclavian v, phrenic n, and anterior scalene m in the root of the neck
Phrenic nerve is immediately posterior to subclavian v and anterior to anterior scalene m
Describe location of subclavian a and brachial plexus in relationship to anterior scalene m
They are posterior to the m
What innervates the omohyoid m?
Ansa cervicalis
What innervates the platysma?
Cervical branch of facial nerve (VII)
What are the contents of the submandibular triangle?
Submandibular lymph nodes Submandibular gland Facial vein and artery Marginal branch of facial nerve Superior belly of omohyoid
What does the superior salivatory nucleus do?
Sends preganglionic parasympathetic fibers to submandibular ganglion (and sublingual ganglion)
Where do preganglionic parasympathetic fibers leave and go through to get to submandibular ganglion?
Come from superior salivatory nucleus
Travel through chorda tympani
What does the submandibular ganglion send?
Postganglionic parasympathetic fibers to gland
Where do postganglionic sympathetic fibers for submandibular gland originate?
Superior cervical ganglion
How do postganglionic sympathetic fibers get to submandibular gland?
Course through external carotid and facial plexuses in adventitia of respective arteries
Describe formation of cysts associated with thyroid gland
Accessory thyroid tissue, embryonically remnant of thyroglossal duct, may continue superiorly through hyoid bone towards foramen cecum of tongue
Cysts may form along course of this tissue
The recurrent laryngeal nerve innervates all muscles of larynx except what?
Cricothyroid
superior thyroid artery arises from where?
Common or external carotid arteries
Inferior thyroid artery arises from where?
Thyrocervical trunk
The lowest thyroid artery arises from where?
Brachiocephalic, aorta, or left common carotid
Where do superior and middle thyroid veins drain into?
Internal jugular vein
What thyroid veins drain into internal jugular vein?
Superior and middle thyroid veins
Where does the inferior thyroid vein drain into?
Brachiocephalic vein
What thyroid vein drains into brachiocephalic vein?
Inferior thyroid vein
How do penetrating wounds at base neck cause pneumothorax?
Cupula of pleura of lungs extends in base of neck between scalenes and longus colli muscles.
Apex of cupula extends 3 cm into root of neck at mid-clavicular
It is occupied by apical portion of lung
Wounds can puncture pleural cavity or lung and collapse the lung, resulting in pneumothorax
