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Neuro > Superficial Triangles > Flashcards

Superficial Triangles Flashcards

1
Q

What neck muscle does the cervical branch of the facial nerve (VII) innervate?

A

Platysma

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2
Q

What innervates the trapezius m?

A

Spinal accessory nerve (XI)

Small cervical contribution from C3-4

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3
Q

What neck muscles does the spinal accessory nerve (XI) innervate?

A

Trapezius m

Sternocleidomastoid m

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4
Q

What are the 3 landmarks of the neck?

A

Sixth cervical vertebra
Greater cornu of hyoid bone
Anterior scalene m

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5
Q

What innervates the sternocleidomastoid m?

A

Spinal accessory nerve (XI)

Small cervical contributions from C2-3

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6
Q

What creates the border of the posterior (lateral) triangle?

A

Middle 1/3 clavicle
Trapezius m
Sternocleidomastoid m

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7
Q

What forms the roof of the posterior (lateral) triangle?

A

Platysma

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8
Q

What conjunction forms the external jugular vein?

A

Posterior auricular vein

Retromandibular vein

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9
Q

What does the conjunction of the posterior auricular and retromandibular veins form?

A

External jugular vein

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10
Q

What are the contents of the posterior (lateral) triangle?

A 
External jugular vein
Spinal accessory nerve
Lesser occipital nerve (C2-3)
Great auricular n (C2-3)
Transverse cervical n (C2-3)
Supraclavicular n (C3-4)
Phrenic n
Brachial plexus
Inferior omohyod m
Transverse cervical a
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11
Q

What are the important contents in the root of the neck?

A 
Carotid sheath (internal jugular v, vagus n, common carotid a)
Subclavian v
Subclavian a
Anterior scalene m
Phrenic n
Brachial plexus
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12
Q

Describe the relationship of the subclavian v, phrenic n, and anterior scalene m in the root of the neck

A

Phrenic nerve is immediately posterior to subclavian v and anterior to anterior scalene m

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13
Q

Describe location of subclavian a and brachial plexus in relationship to anterior scalene m

A

They are posterior to the m

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14
Q

What innervates the omohyoid m?

A

Ansa cervicalis

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15
Q

What innervates the platysma?

A

Cervical branch of facial nerve (VII)

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16
Q

What are the contents of the submandibular triangle?

A 
Submandibular lymph nodes
Submandibular gland
Facial vein and artery
Marginal branch of facial nerve
Superior belly of omohyoid
17
Q

What does the superior salivatory nucleus do?

A

Sends preganglionic parasympathetic fibers to submandibular ganglion (and sublingual ganglion)

18
Q

Where do preganglionic parasympathetic fibers leave and go through to get to submandibular ganglion?

A

Come from superior salivatory nucleus

Travel through chorda tympani

19
Q

What does the submandibular ganglion send?

A

Postganglionic parasympathetic fibers to gland

20
Q

Where do postganglionic sympathetic fibers for submandibular gland originate?

A

Superior cervical ganglion

21
Q

How do postganglionic sympathetic fibers get to submandibular gland?

A

Course through external carotid and facial plexuses in adventitia of respective arteries

22
Q

Describe formation of cysts associated with thyroid gland

A

Accessory thyroid tissue, embryonically remnant of thyroglossal duct, may continue superiorly through hyoid bone towards foramen cecum of tongue
Cysts may form along course of this tissue

23
Q

The recurrent laryngeal nerve innervates all muscles of larynx except what?

A

Cricothyroid

24
Q

superior thyroid artery arises from where?

A

Common or external carotid arteries

25
Q

Inferior thyroid artery arises from where?

A

Thyrocervical trunk

26
Q

The lowest thyroid artery arises from where?

A

Brachiocephalic, aorta, or left common carotid

27
Q

Where do superior and middle thyroid veins drain into?

A

Internal jugular vein

28
Q

What thyroid veins drain into internal jugular vein?

A

Superior and middle thyroid veins

29
Q

Where does the inferior thyroid vein drain into?

A

Brachiocephalic vein

30
Q

What thyroid vein drains into brachiocephalic vein?

A

Inferior thyroid vein

31
Q

How do penetrating wounds at base neck cause pneumothorax?

A

Cupula of pleura of lungs extends in base of neck between scalenes and longus colli muscles.
Apex of cupula extends 3 cm into root of neck at mid-clavicular
It is occupied by apical portion of lung
Wounds can puncture pleural cavity or lung and collapse the lung, resulting in pneumothorax

Neuro (13 decks)

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