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SUPERFICIAL MYCOSES Flashcards

1
Q

Affects outermost layer of the skin (stratum
corneum, the horny non-living layer of the
skin and extrafollicular parts of the hair)

A

SUPERFICIAL MYCOSES - -

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2
Q

skin infection

A

Tineas

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3
Q

Piedras

A

hair infection

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4
Q

SUPERFICIAL MYCOSES caused by

A

Caused by dermatophytes, yeasts and mold

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5
Q

tinea versicolor

A

● Ptyriasis versicolor
● Dematomycosis furfuracea
● Tinea flava
● Chromophytosis
● “Liver spot”

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6
Q

hypopigmented or hyperpigmented,
fine scaly, coalescing macules

A

● Dematomycosis furfuracea

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7
Q

white macular
lesion on dark skin patients (pale
patches)

A

Hypopigmented

● Tinea flava

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8
Q

brown macular
lesions on fair skinned patients (fawn
colored liver spots)

A

Hyperpigmented

● “Liver spot” - - - - - - -

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9
Q

Involves trunk of body and upper arms -

A

Chromophytosis

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10
Q

prone to seborrheic
dermatitis

A

● “Liver spot” - - - - - - -

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11
Q

non-inflammatory, pruritic(makati)
with granny or furfuraceous scales

A

● Tinea flava

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12
Q

spaghetti and meatball
appearance

A

Malassezia furfur appearance

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13
Q

● Lipophilic yeasts
● Budding yeasts with septate hyphae

A

Malassezia furfur type

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14
Q

● Also the causative agent of seborrheic
dermatitis (ie, dandruff) and folliculitis

A

Malassezia furfur is the causative agent of it

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15
Q

Malassezia furfur
common in

A

● Common in face, chest and back

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16
Q

specimen used for diagnosis of malassezia furfur

A
  • Skin scrapings
  • Blood or tissue sample
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17
Q

for suspected
disseminated infection what is the specimen used for?

A

blood or tissue sample

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18
Q

How to diagnose tinea versicolor

A
  1. woods lamp examp
  2. examination of skin scrapings
  3. culture using sda or mea
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19
Q

color of wood’s lamp examination

A

golden yellow to light green malassezia furfur

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20
Q

stain and treatment of the specimen used for diagnosing Malassezia furfur

A

alkali stain (Ex.
Crystal violet, Iodine or Methylene Blue)

Treatment of the specimen with 10% KOH on
Methylene blue or Lactophenol Cotton Blue

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21
Q

removes keratin to see skin cells

A

Koh

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22
Q

supplemented with a layer of olive oil
or other vegetable oil plus
antibacterial antibiotics

A

Sabouraud Dextrose Agar

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23
Q

General culture media for fungi
species

A

Sabouraud Dextrose Agar

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24
Q

agar that involves the addition of lipids and antimicrobial agents

A

malt extract agar

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25
incubation temp of malassezia furfur
35-37C
26
Shiny or pasty white to cream colored which later turns dull and beige
malassezia furfur appearance on colony
27
Treatment of malassezia furfur
- Whitfield's ointment - 3% Salicylic Acid in 70% Alcohol - Selenium Sulfide Lotion - shampoo - Imidazole, Ketoconazole, Fluconazole - use only if if selenium lotion and salycilic acid did not work - Azoles is used only in systemic and resistant malazzesia - Miconazole cream for folliculitis - Locally manufactured Vinegar - Clotrimazole
28
Tinea nigra palmaris other names
Synonyms: ● Keratomycosis nigricans palmaris ● Cladosporosis epidermica ● Ptyriasis nigra ● Microsporosis nigra
29
development of a single, sharply demarcated brown to black non-scaly macules
Tinea nigra palmaris appearance
30
where the pigment of tinea palmaris usually occcur
Pigmentation - confined to the stratum corneum of the palmar surface of the hand or on the plantar surface of the foot
31
They are brown to black patches that are not itchy but patches tho slight scaly are flat and painless
tinea nigra palmaris
32
Causative agent of tinea nigra palmaris
Causative agent: - Exophiala werneckii - eto alalahanin daw - Cladosporium werneckii - Phaeoannellomyces werneckii
33
Mode of Transmission: - Contaminated soil, wood or other surfaces esp in tropical or subtropical regions in world
Tinea nigra palmaris mode of transmission
34
LAB DIAGNOSIS for tinea nigra palmaris
Skin scrapings from darkly pigmented cutaneous lesions
35
LAB DIAGNOSIS FOR TINIA NIGRA PALMARIS
1. Wet Mount Preparation 2. Culture media - modified SDA and LOA
36
colonies appear shiny, moist, dark gray, yeast-like colonies which become very dark olive green to olive black
TINEA NIGRA PALMARIS' COLONY MACROSCOPIC APPEARANCE
37
TINEA NIGRA PALMARIS APPEARANCE OF COLONY (MACRO)
Velvety or woolly texture as short mycelia develop
38
Young olive-black elliptical yeast-like cells, typically two-celled
TINEA NIGRA PALMARIS APPEARANCE OF COLONY (MICRO)
39
INCUBATION PERIOD OF TINEA NIGRA PALMARIS
Incubation period 25-30C
40
TREATMENT FOR TINEA NIGRA PALMARIS
- Whitfield's Ointment - 5-10% Salicylic Acid,Tincture of lodine - Ketoconazole, Econazole, Miconazole - Topical antifungals (selenium sulfide, terbinafine}
41
Superficial hair infection with nodular masses of fungal elements surrounding the hair shaft Hair appears normal except for the appearance of nodules
Piedra
42
Dark black or brown hard nodules around hair follicles
piedra hortae
43
Black piedra CAUSATIVE AGENT
PIEDRA HORTAE
44
Can be brittly or breadlike structure
piedra hortae
45
what does black piedra affect
Some only affects hair on scalp, armpits pubic area
46
Can cause hair breakage leading to hairfall
black piedra
47
piedra hortae lab diagnosis
LAB DIAGNOSIS - Direct observation - Culture - Place hair shaft in 10-20%KOH
48
black piedra treatment
Treatment - Shaving or clipping hair - Topical or oral azoles (clotrimazole- can be cream or shampoo) - terbinafine
49
AKA troichosporon oroides - White piedra
AKA Trichospora beigelli
50
Light brown nodules on beard
Trichospora beigelli
51
Soft, mycelial mat surrounds hair of scalp, face and pubic region
troichosporon oroides
52
White piedra
roichosporon oroides
53
LAB DIAGNOSIS FOR WHITE PIEDRA
- sda - koh
54
in koh microscpical exam, it is seen in white piedra
- Yeast cell - Hyphal forms
55
Trichospora beigelli
Treatment - Shaving or clipping hair - Oral itraconazole
56
Can cause white piedra,fungemia(invasive infection)
T.asteroides
57
- white piedra,fungemia, endocarditis, meningitis
T. cutaneum
58
- Affects scalp
T. ovides
59
- In pubic hair
T. inkin
60
One of the most severe yeast like skin infection
T. asahi
61
White soft nodule on pubic hair
T. asahi
62
- White piedra and other skin infections - Systemic infections (fungemia, endocarditis, meningitis, other organs such as lungs, kidney, and bones)
T. asahi
63
Attacks those with low neutropenia and undergoing chemotherapy
T. asahi
64
- Can cause meningitis
T. mucoides
65

MYCO (8 decks)

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