OPPORTUNISTIC SYSTEMIC

Question 1

most of the organisms known to cause infection in immunocompromised are commonly encountered in the clinical laboratory as saprobes (saprophytic fungi)

Answer 1

OPPORTUNISTIC SYSTEMIC MYCOSES

Question 2

Common Opportunistic Fungi causing systemic mycosis

Answer 2

Pneumocystis carinii
Aspergillus spp
Cryptococcus neoformans
Candida albicans
Rhizopus specie
Mucor/Rhizopus spp

Question 3

re the most common source of invasive fungal infections caused by the hyaline septate molds

Answer 3

Aspergillus spp. a

Question 4

colonize grain, leaves, soil, and living plants

Answer 4

ASPERGILLUS

Question 5

characterized by the presence of septate hyphae and short or long conidiophores with a characteristic “foot cell” at their base.

Answer 5

Aspergillus fumigatus

Question 6

COLONY OF A. FUMIGATUS

INCUBATION AND COLOR

Answer 6

rapidly growing species (1 to 5 days) that produces a yellow-green colony.

45-50C

Question 7

SUSCEPTIBLE to cycloheximide

Answer 7

Aspergillus

Question 8

cause of fungus ball and otitis externa

Answer 8

Aspergillus niger

Question 9

Growth begins initially as a yellow colony that soon develops a black, dotted surface as conidia are produced. With age, the colony becomes jet black and powdery, but the reverse remains buff or cream colored;

Answer 9

Aspergillus niger

Question 10

it produces tan colonies that resemble cinnamon.

Answer 10

Aspergillus terreus

Question 11

Produces larger cells, aleurioconidia, which are found on submerged hyphae

Answer 11

Aspergillus terreus

Question 12

Hyphae colonizes bronchial tree without affecting the lungs

Answer 12

Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergollosis

Question 13

CAUSES Lozalized, Invasive, inflammatory, granulomatous, necrotizing diseases of lungs and other tissues

Answer 13

A TERREUS

Question 14

ASPERGILLUS RESISTANT TO innately resistant to amphotericin B

Answer 14

Aspergillus terreus

Question 15

keratitis (cornea) and traumatized tissue cause by aspergillus

Answer 15

niger

Question 16

MODE OF TRANSMISSION OF ASPERGILLUS

Answer 16

Aspergillus spp. can cause disease by ingestion of mycotoxins, traumatic inoculation, or inhalation.

Question 17

Tomogram in cavity would show a fungus ball cavity of tb lesion in right upper lobe area of lung

Answer 17

lung aspergilloma or otomycosis

Question 18

CAUSES FARMER’S LUNGS

Answer 18

ASPERGILLUS

Question 19

grows on peanuts and grains produces aflatoxin, one of the most potent toxins known.

Answer 19

Aspergillus flavus

Question 20

It also causes onychomycosis (infection of the nail and nail bed), sinusitis, endocarditis, and central nervous system (CNS) infection

Answer 20

ASPERGILLUS

Question 21

what organism

Demonstration of organism in the tissues (biopsy or autopsy materials) -

septate hyphae
dichotomous hyphae
Spores

Answer 21

aspergillus

Question 22

fruiting body or fun like appearance of spores is based on

Answer 22

aspergillus fumigatus

Question 23

galactomannan (GM) assay is used in determination of

Answer 23

aspergilllus spp

Question 24

beta-D-glucan assay

Answer 24

detected in the serum of patients infected with systemic aspergillosis

Question 25

common environmental microbiota and have long been known to cause mycotic keratitis after traumatic implantation into the cornea.

Answer 25

FUSARIUM SPP

Question 26

Oftentimes infections are associated with the consumption of grains contaminated with trichothecene mycotoxins produced by

Answer 26

F. sporotrichioides or F. poae.

Question 27

initially appears as a white to cream-colored, yeastlike colony; some isolates may appear as white, powdery molds

Answer 27

Geotrichum candidum

Question 28

cause wound infections and oral thrush; it is an opportunistic pathogen in immunocompromised hosts.

Answer 28

Geotrichum candidum

Question 29

polyphyletic group that are rapid growing and may appear yeastlike when initial growth is observed

Answer 29

Acremonium spp.

Question 30

Mature colonies become white to gray to rose or reddish-orange

Answer 30

Acremonium spp.

Question 31

associated with disseminated infection, fungemia, subcutaneous lesions, and esophagitis.

Answer 31

Acremonium spp.

Question 32

most commonly shades of green or blue green, but pink, white, or other colors may be seen. The surface of the colonies may be velvety to powdery because of the presence of conidia

Answer 32

Penicillium spp.

Question 33

may be a cause of allergic bronchopulmonary penicilliosis or chronic allergic sinusitis.

Answer 33

Penicillium spp.

Question 34

exhibits colonies that are considered lilac in color exhibiting shades of lavender to pink.

Answer 34

Purpureocillium lilacinum

Question 35

Purpureocillium lilacinum optimal growth temperature for

Answer 35

Optimal growth temperature is 25°C to 33°C

Question 36

most pathogenic species and has been associated with endophthalmitis, cutaneous infections, and arthritis

Answer 36

Purpureocillium lilacinum

Question 37

. are often velvety, tan to olive brown, and somewhat powdery

Answer 37

Paecilomyces spp.

Question 38

initially appear white but later become light brown and powdery

Answer 38

Scopulariopsis

Question 39

colonies often resemble those of M. gypseum.

Answer 39

Scopulariopsis

Question 40

resembles a large Penicillium at first glance, because a rudimentary penicillus is produced

Answer 40

Scopulariopsis

Question 41

Annellophores produce the flask-shaped annelides, which support the lemon-shaped conidia in chains.

Answer 41

Scopulariopsis

Question 42

has been reported to have caused a brain abscess in a liver transplant patient and invasive infection in bone marrow recipients

Answer 42

Scopulariopsis brumptii has been reported to have caused a brain abscess in a liver transplant patient and invasive infection in bone marrow recipients

Question 43

have been identified in association with invasive sinusitis

Answer 43

S. candida and S. acremonium

Question 44

cannot be reliably distinguished from hyphae of Fusarium spp., Pseudallescheria boydii, or other hyaline molds.

Answer 44

FUSARIUM

Question 45

Colonies grow rapidly, within 2 to 5 days, and are fluffy to cottony and may be pink, purple, yellow, green, or other colors, depending on the species.

Answer 45

of Fusarium spp.

Question 46

give rise to phialides producing either single-celled microconidia, usually borne in gelatinous heads similar to those seen in Acremonium spp or large, multicelled macroconidia that are sickle- or boat-shaped and contain numerous septations

Answer 46

FUSARIUM SPP

Question 47

Susceptible to patients with leukemia, lymphoma and those taking immunosuppressive

Answer 47

Pulmonary mucormycosis

Question 48

Bloodstained nasal discharge with left sided ptosis and proptosis V

Answer 48

Rhinocerebral mucormycosis

Question 49

Advance case with necrosis of nasal and maxillary tissue with black eschar. Note periorbital edema and serosanguinous discharge from eye.

Answer 49

Mucormycosis

Question 50

INCUBATION OF MUCORMYCOSIS

Answer 50

3-5 days incubation at room temperature To identify: LPCB mount of growt

Question 51

MUCORMYCOSES TREATMENT

Answer 51

High doses of IV Amphotericin B for disseminated mucormycosis or infections

Question 52

" A subacute or chronic infection most frequently involving the tissues of the CNS, but occasionally producing lesions in the skin, bones, lungs or other internal organs."

Answer 52

Cryptococcosis

Question 53

It flourishes in bird guano and is often found in large numbers in pigeon roots, old barns and in soil beneath trees used as bird roosts.

Answer 53

Cryptococcosis

Question 54

Most common infection in AIDS patients

Answer 54

CRYPTOCOCCUS