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Anatomy II Exam 2 > Superficial Face > Flashcards

Superficial Face Flashcards

1
Q

What nerve is repsonsible for motor muscles of facial expression?

A

Facial nerve

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2
Q

What somatosensory nerve is responsible for superficial face, forehead, and oral cavity?

A

-trigeminal nerve

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3
Q

What somatosensory nerve is repsonsible for feeling in the skin of the outer ear, nasopharynx, and taste?

A

Facial nerve

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4
Q

What nerves provide sensory sensations to the superficial face and scalp?

A
  • greater occipital nerve (C2)
  • lesser occipital nerve (C2)
  • greater auric ulnar nerve (C2-C3)
  • trigeminal nerve V
  • facial nerve VII
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5
Q

What does the greater occipital nerve innervate?

A
  • emerges from below suboccipital triangle
  • innervates scalp on back of head
  • dorsal rami C2
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6
Q

What does the lesser occipital innervate?

A
  • ventral rami of C2

- innervates scalp of lateral area of head, posterior to ear

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7
Q

What does their greater auric ulnar innervate?

A
  • ventral rami of C2 and dorsal of C3

- innervates skin over parotid gland and mastoid process along with both surfaces of outer ear

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8
Q

What are the 3 branches of the trigeminal nerve?

A
  • opthalmic
  • maxillary
  • mandibular
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9
Q

What does the trigeminal innervate?

A

-innervates skin ion all of face, forehead, temporal region, oral cavity, skin of outer ear, and external auditory meatus

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10
Q

What does the facial innervate?

A

-innervates only skin of outer ear

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11
Q

What does the opthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve exit?

A

-superior orbital fissure

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12
Q

What are the major branches of the opthalmic nerve? What do they do?

A

-frontal n -> supraorbital n
+passes through supraorbital foramen
+skin of lateral forehead/anterior scalp
-> supra trochlear n: skin of medial forehead

-lacrimal n: innervates lacrimal gland

  • nasociliary n
    • > infratrochlear n: skin lateral to root of nose
    • > external nasal n: skin of nasal ala, vestibule adn dorsomedial of nose
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13
Q

What does the maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve exit?

A

-foramen rotundum

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14
Q

What are the major branches of the maxillary n and what do they do?

A

-infraoribital: passes through infraoribital foramen, maxillary sinus, skin of cheek, lateral nose, superior lip

  • zygomatic n
    • > zygomaticofacial: skin on prominence of cheek
    • > zygomaticotemporal: anterior part of temporal fossa
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15
Q

What does the mandibular branch of the trigeminal n exit?

A

-exit skull through foramen ovale

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16
Q

What are the branches of the mandibular n? What do they do?

A
  • auriculotemporal: skin posterior 2/3 temporal region
  • buccal: skin adn oral mucosa of cheek and gums
  • mental: passes through mental foramen, skin of chin and inferior lip
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17
Q

What are the muscles of mastication? Wh are they innervated by?

A
  • masseter
  • temporalis
  • medial pterygoid
  • lateral pterygoid

-innervated by mandibular branch

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18
Q

What is the most expressive part of the face?

A

-the mouth -> muscles are diverse

19
Q

What do the branches of the facial nerve exit the skull through?

A

-stylomastoid foramen

20
Q

What are the branches of the facial nerve?

A
  • posterior auricular n
  • temporal branch
  • zygomatic branch
  • buccal branch
  • mandibular branch
  • cervical branch

“The zebra bit my cheek”

21
Q

What are the other functions of the facial nerve?

A

SVA: sense of taste to anterior 2/3 of tongue

GVE: parasympathetics (lacrimal gland, submandibular/sublingual salivary glands, and mucus membranes of nasal cavity)

GVA: sensory innervation to nasopharynx

22
Q

What provides arterial supply to the face and scalp?

A
  • external carotid a and branches
  • facial a
  • occipital a
  • posterior auricular a
  • maxillary a
  • superficial temporal a
23
Q

What does the facial artery supply? What are its branches?

A

-major arterial supply to the face, supplies most of muscles of facial expression

-branches:
  \+inferior labial
   \+superior labial
   \+lateral nasal
   \+angular
24
Q

What does he occipital a supply?

A

-scalp of the back of the head

25
Q

What does the posterior auricular a supply?

A

-auricle of ear and scalp posterior to auricle

26
Q

What does the maxillary a supply?

A

Most branches run deep

-mental artery is only superficial branch (runs with mental n to chin)

27
Q

What does the superficial temporal a supply?

A

-facial muscles ad skin in temporal region

28
Q

What supplies muscles and skin of forehead and anterior scalp?

A
  • supraorbital a

- supratrochlear a

29
Q

What is the parotid gland? Where is it located? Innervation?

A
  • largest salivary gland -> duct delivers saliva to oral cavity just lateral to 2nd upper molar teeth
  • located laterally in the face, just anterior to the ear
  • receives sensory innervation from great auricular nerve
  • parasympathetic innervation from glossopharyngeal n via post auricular
30
Q

What supples the orbit and eyeball?

A

-mainly via the opthalamic a from internal carotid a

31
Q

What drains the orbit and eyeball?

A

-venous drainage via the superior and inferior opthalamic veins

32
Q

What composed the fibrous layer of the eyeball?

A
  • sclera: opaque outer covering

- cornea: transparent part of sclera

33
Q

What composes the vascular layer of the eyeball?

A
  • Choroid: between sclera and retina, very vascular
  • ciliary body: muscular, controls thickness of lens, secretes aqueous humor
  • iris
34
Q

What is in the inner layer of the eyeball?

A

-retina

35
Q

Where is the anterior chamber?

A

-between cornea adn iris/pupil

36
Q

Where is the posterior chamber?

A

-between iris/pupil and lens

37
Q

What provides the general somatic efferents to the extrinsic eye muscles?

A
  • oculomotor n
  • trochlear n
  • abducens n
38
Q

What provides parasympathetics to extrinsic eye muscles and to what muscles?

A
  • oculomotor -> pupillary sphincter m and ciliary m

- facial n -> lacrimal gland via greater petrosal n

39
Q

What provides sensory?

A

CN V1

40
Q

What provides vision?

A

-optic n/CN 1

41
Q

What innervates extrinsic eye muscles?

A
  • trochlear n -> superior oblique
  • abducens n -> lateral rectus
  • oculomotor n -> medial rectus, inferior rectus, superior rectus, inferior oblique, levator palpebrae
42
Q

What is the iris capable of? What controls this?

A
  • pigmented and capable of constricting to control how much light enters the pupil
  • dilator pupillae: dilates, under sympathetic control
  • sphincter pupillae: constricts, under parasympathetic control
43
Q

What controls accommodation?

A

-suspensory ligaments from ciliary body go to lens to control focus
+relaxed -> tension on suspensory ligaments -> lens stretched out for FAR vision
+contracts _? Suspensory ligaments relaxed -> lens beocomes fatter for NEAR vision

  • to view near objects, parasympathetics are activated to contract ciliary muscle
  • to view far objects, parasympathetics are removed, allowing the ciliary to relax -> NO sympathetics
44
Q

What nerve is responsible for the motor muscles of mastication???

A

Trigeminal nerve

Anatomy II Exam 2 (7 decks)

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