Osteology And Muscles Of Urogenital And Pelvic Diaphragms

Question 1

What are the two triangles found in the pelvis?

Answer 1

• urogenital triangle

- anal triangle

Question 2

What are some differences between the male and female pelvis bones?

Answer 2

Male:

• thinner and lighter
• heart shaped
• round obturator foramen
• narrow subpubic arch (less than 70 degrees)

Female:

• thicker and heavier
• oval shaped
• oval obturator foramen
• wide subpubic arch (more than 80 degrees)

Question 3

Differences in males and females for the acetabulum and the greater sciatic notch.

Answer 3

Acetabulum:
-larger in males, smaller in females

greater sciatic notch:
-narrow inverted V in males, almost 90 degrees in females

Question 4

What are the 4 pelvis types? Most common in males? Most common in females?

Answer 4

• android (most common in males)
• anthropoid
• playpelloid
• gynecoid (common in females)

Question 5

What are the non diaphragmatic muscles?

Answer 5

-obturator internus
+from the internal surface of the obturator membrane to the greater trochanter

-piriformis
+from the internal surface of the sacrum to the greater trochanter

Question 6

What is the perineum?

Answer 6

-the surface area of the trunk between the thighs and buttocks

Question 7

What muscles make. Up. The pelvic diaphragm?

Answer 7

-coccygeus + levator ani

Question 8

What makes up the levator ani?

Answer 8

• pubococcygeus
• puborectalis
• iliococcygeus

Question 9

Describe the coccygeus.

Answer 9

-attaches from the ischial spine to the inferior sacrum and coccyx, lies directly anterior to the sacrospinous ligament

Question 10

Describe the iliococcygeus.

Answer 10

-posterior tendinous arch to blend with anococcygeual ligament

Question 11

Describe the pubococcygeus.

Answer 11

-from the pubic ramus to coccyx and anococcygeual ligament

Question 12

Describe the puborectalis.

Answer 12

-forms a loop around the anus

Question 13

What are subdivisions of the pubococcygeus?

Answer 13

-pubovaginalis and puboprostaticus

Question 14

What is involved in the pelvis diaphragm?

Answer 14

• puborectalis
• pubococcygeus
• iliococcygeus
• coccygeus
• anococcygeual raphe and ligament

Question 15

What helps support the vagina or prostate?

Answer 15

-some fibers of the puborectalis that loop around the vagina or prostate

Question 16

What is contained in the ischioanal fossa?

Answer 16

-wedge shaped area between skin and the inferior surface of the pelvis diaphragm (usually filled with fat and loose CT)

Question 17

What are the boundaries of the ischioanal fossa?

Answer 17

Lateral: ischium, obturator internus with fascia

Medial: external anal sphincter with levator ani muscle

Posterior: sacrotuberous ligament and edge of gluteus maximus

Anterior: urogenital triangle and anterior recess of the ischioanal fossa

Question 18

What runs in the pudental canal?

Answer 18

• obturator internus

- internal pudental artery, vein, and nerve

Question 19

Where is the perineum found?

Answer 19

-pubic symphysis to ischial tuberosity to coccyx to ischial tuberosity to pubic symphysis