Super Secret Special Deck U4 Flashcards
Septic saline treatment
isotonic
Pt with hypovolemia present with __ BP
low
Elevated levels of what electrolyte are only seen in renal failure?
Mag
What % of water should be corrected I a 24 hr period?
no more than 50%
What is the free water deficit formula?
TBW x [(Na/140)-1]
IV Ca should be given under which circumstance?
Elevated K
Elevated T waves
Hyperkalemia
Flat T waves
Hypokalemia
Most common cause of hypernatremia
volume depletion (hypovolemia)
Low levels of this electrolyte appear when in refractory hypokalemia
Mag (cofactor for pump)
When do you use 3% Na?
symptomatic hyponatremia
Which type of hyponatremia must be corrected slowly?
chronic
Most common cause of hyponatremia
volume overload
Low levels of which electrolyte causes diaphragm contractility issues in alcoholics?
Phos
Alkalosis can cause this change in serum phosphorus concentrations
Decrease
Diabetes insipidus (DI) can cause this change in serum sodium concentrations
Increase
Patients with congestive heart failure generally have these type of fluid requirements
Decreased
Lowering serum sodium concentrations too quickly in hypernatremic patients can cause this
Cerebral edema
Raising serum sodium concentrations too quickly in a patient with hyponatremia can cause this
ODS
It may take several days of replacement therapy to normalize low serum concentrations of this electrolyte
Mag
This electrolyte if the primary intracellular cation
K
Total body water (increases or decreases) as body fat increases
Decreases
This electrolyte is a co-factor in the Na-K-ATPase pump
Mag
This electrolyte is primarily responsible for maintaining the resting membrane potential
K
Patients with CKD will likely require (lower, normal, higher) doses of loop diuretics to produce adequate diuresis
Higher
A BUN:SCr ration greater than _____ indicates prerenal azotemia
20:1
This body weight is incorporated into the Cockroft-Gault formula used to estimate creatinine clearane
Ideal (lean) body weight (if you weigh less than your ideal body weight just use that weight you don’t add pounds in this case, only add if patient is obese)
This formula is commonly used in clinical practice to estimate creatinine clearance
Cockroft-Gault KNOW THE FORMULA FOR TEST!!!
This is the gold standard quantitative index of kidney function
mGFR
Calcium carbonate can cause low serum concentrations of this electrolyte
Phos
Insulin therapy used to treat diabetic ketoacidosis can cause low serum concentrations of this cation
K (use for DKA, which lowers K)
Spironolactone can cause elevated concentrations of this electrolyte
K
Sevelamer can be used to lower serum concentrations of this electrolyte
Phos
Loop diuretics can cause this change in serum potassium concentration
Decrease
Renal function generally does this with age?
Declines
Renal dysfunction can cause this change in potassium and phosphorous levels (2 answers)
Increase both
Acidosis can cause this change in serum potassium concentrations
Increase
Refeeding syndrome typically causes this change in serum magnesium concentrations
Decrease
This is this max amount Na can be corrected in 24 hours in patients with hypo or hypernatremia
6-8 mEq
The classic presentation of refeeding syndrome involves low serum concentrations of this electrolyte
Phos
