Second-line HTN Drugs Review

Question 1

B-blockers MoA

Answer 1

Block beta receptors on heart, arteries and kidneys

Question 2

B-blockers on HR and renin release

Answer 2

Decrease HR, decrease renin release

Question 3

B-blocker ADE

Answer 3

BRADYCARDIA, Sedation, Fatigue, Shortness of Breath (SOB), Headache, Sleep Disturbances, Sexual Dysfunction

Question 4

Centrally-acting hypertensives MoA

Answer 4

Activates a2 receptors in vasomotor center, decreases sympathetic outflow (Several are a2 agonists)

Question 5

C-A hypertensives on HR

Answer 5

Decreases

Question 6

C-A hypertensives ADE

Answer 6

Sedation, Bradycardia, Constipation, Dry mouth, Dizziness

Question 7

Loops MoA

Answer 7

Inhibition of the Na+/1K+/2Cl- symport results in a powerful diuretic effect resulting in the loss of these ions along with Ca+2 and Mg+2.

Question 8

Loops effect on electrolytes

Answer 8

Increase: Nern
Decrease: K, Na, Cl, Mg, Phos, Ca

Question 9

Loop ADEs

Answer 9

Electrolytes get all janky

Question 10

Aldosterone antagonists MoA

Answer 10

Inhibit Na/ATPase and ENaC, resulting in excretion of Na and retention of K

Question 11

Aldosterone antagonists ADE

Answer 11

N/V, headache, rash and HYPERKALEMIA, GYNECOMASTIA, impotence and menstrual disorders

Question 12

Alpha1 antagonist MoA

Answer 12

Block alpha 1 receptor in vasculature -> vasodilation

Question 13

Alpha1 antagonist ADE

Answer 13

Hypotension, Fainting, Dizziness, N/V, Runny Nose, Sexual Dysfunction

Question 14

Direct vasodilators MoA

Answer 14

open K channels resulting in hyper-polarization of vascular smooth muscle.

Question 15

Direct vasodilators ADE

Answer 15

hypotension, reflex response, hypertrichosis (minoxidil)

MENodixil -> hair growth

Question 16

-lol

Answer 16

B-blocker

Question 17

Clonidine

Answer 17

Centrally acting

Question 18

alpha-methyl-dopa

Answer 18

centrally acting

Question 19

Alpha-methyl-norepinephrine

Answer 19

Centrally acting

Question 20

Furosemide

Answer 20

Loooop

Question 21

Spirinolactone

Answer 21

Aldosterone antagonist

Question 22

Epleronone

Answer 22

Aldosterone antagonist

Question 23

Terazosin

Answer 23

alpha-1 antagonist

Question 24

hydralazine

Answer 24

direct vasodilator

Question 25

minodoxil

Answer 25

direct vasodilator

Question 26

A1 receptors

Answer 26

Vasoconstriction, smooth muscle contraction

Question 27

B1 receptors

Answer 27

Increased heart rate, increased renin, smooth muscle relaxation

Question 28

B2 receptors

Answer 28

Lungs (relaxes)