First-line BP Meds Review

Question 1

First-line BP Meds

Answer 1

Thiazides, ARBs, ACEIs, CCBs

Question 2

Thiazides decrease levels of

Answer 2

K, Na, Mg, Cl, H2O

Question 3

Thiazides decrease excretion of

Answer 3

Ca, uric acid, glucose levels may increase

Question 4

Thiazide MoA

Answer 4

Block Na/Cl symport, reduce blood volume

Long term, reduces vascular resistance

Question 5

CCBs MoA

Answer 5

DHP: Block influx of Ca into vascular muscle - vasodilation

Non-DHP: Block influx of Ca into cardiac muscle - slow HR

Question 6

Muscle weakness, Flushing, Swelling in the lower extremities, Gingival hyperplasia, Headache are side effects of which BP med

Answer 6

CCBs

Question 7

Reflex tachycardia

Answer 7

Body senses lower BP and increases HR to compensate

Question 8

Bradykinin significance

Answer 8

causes vasodilation and cough. ACEI blocks ACE, which normally breaks down bradykinin.

Question 9

Does an ARB cause cough?

Answer 9

Nerp

Question 10

Angiotensinogen (from __) -> ____-> ATI

Answer 10

Angiotensinogen is from liver

Renin (secreted from kidneys)

Question 11

Where is angiotensinogen produced

Answer 11

Liver

Question 12

Where is renin produced

Answer 12

Kidney

Question 13

What does ATII do?

Answer 13

lysis to make AT1 and AT2

Question 14

What does AT1 do?

Answer 14

Vasodilation, apoptosis

Question 15

What does AT2 do?

Answer 15

Causes vasoconstriction

Question 16

What does ACE do?

Answer 16

Break down bradykinin, convent ATI to ATII

Question 17

ACEI increases which electrolyte

Answer 17

K

Question 18

ACEI ADEs

Answer 18

ANGIOEDEMA, COUGH, taste disturbances, decreased GFR, rash

Question 19

ARBs MoA

Answer 19

Blocks ATII from binding to ATI receptor to cause vasoconstriction

Question 20

ARBs ADEs

Answer 20

Dizziness, COUGH, headache, N/V, Increased K+ levels, Decreased GFR.

Question 21

ARBs effect on electrolytes

Answer 21

Increased K

Question 22

Aldosterone

Answer 22

Na retention

Question 23

Under which circumstance would you use 2 first-line anti-hypertension meds?

Answer 23

adults with stage 2 hypertension and an average BP more than 20/10 mm Hg above their BP target.

Question 24

Under which circumstance would you use 1 first-line anti-hypertensive med?

Answer 24

adults with stage 1 hypertension and BP goal <130/80 mm Hg with dosage titration and sequential addition of other agents to achieve the BP target.

Question 25

HCTZ

Answer 25

thiazide

Question 26

chlorthalidone

Answer 26

thiazide

Question 27

Amlodipine

Answer 27

DHP CCB

Question 28

Verapamil

Answer 28

Non-DHP CCB

Question 29

Diltiazem

Answer 29

Non-DHP CCB

Question 30

Captopril

Answer 30

ACEI

Question 31

Enalapril

Answer 31

ACEI

Question 32

Valsartan

Answer 32

ARB