sup mycoses and dermato Flashcards by JEAN GLORY RESUSTA

Chronic superficial fungal infection of the palms (disease & agent)

Tinea nigra, Exophiala werneckii

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2-celled yeast cell

Exophiala werneckii

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color of tinea nigra in the skin

brown to black macules

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diameter of tinea nigra

1-5cm

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Abundant aerial mycelia and become velvety, dark olivaceous in colour

mature mould

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Initially colonies are mucoid, yeast-like and shiny black.

young yeast)

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Management & Treatment of tinea nigra

Sulfur soap, salicylic acid, azoles
Topical treatment
o Whitfield’s ointment (benzoic acid compound)
o Imidazole agent twice a day for 3-4x a week

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Hyper- or hypopigmented of the skin.

Tinea/Pityriasis Versicolor

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“Fawn-colored macules”

Tinea/Pityriasis Versicolor

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lipophilic basidiomycetous yeasts

Malassezia furfur

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Found as a normal flora on the skin

Malassezia furfur

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Follicular papules and pustules

Pityrosporum folliculitis

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fungal acne

Pityrosporum folliculitis

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Degradation of sebum and consumption of fatty acids

Seborrheic dermatitis

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common among infants as venous IV catheter acquired

Systemic Infection (M. furfur)

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Has the ability to changes in quantity and composition of sebum due to Malassezia spp.

Seborrheic dermatitis

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erythema and scaling in areas with a rich supply of sebaceous glands

Seborrheic dermatitis

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Yeast cells look like phialioconidium

Malassezia furfur

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looks like Spaghetti & Meatballs under the microscope

Malassezia furfur

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short septate hyphae in short chain

Malassezia furfur

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epidemics in families

Black Piedra

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Sources of fatty acids:

natural oil and olive oil

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culture containing cycloheximide (Acti-dione) with olive oil

Sabouraud’s dextrose agar or Sheep blood agar

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Chronic fungal infection of the hair shaft (disease and agent)

Piedraia hortae (Black piedra)

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hyphal elements

thin part

superficial cosmetic fungal infection of the hair shaft

trichosporon ovoides/ white piedra

agar containing glycerol mono-oleate

Dixon's agar

irregular, soft, white or light brown nodules firmly adhering to the hairs

White piedra

has Arthroconidia and Blastoconidia

Trichosporon ovoides/white piedra

white or yellowish to deep cream colored

Trichosporon ovoides/ white piedra

fungal cells cemented together

Thick part

source of fatty acid in Dixon agar

oleic acid

Ascomycetous fungus

Piedraia hortae (Black piedra)

old name of Trichosporon ovoides

Trichosporon beigelii

topical treatment of Trichosporon beigelii

imidazole agent

Colonies are greenish black

Piedraia hortae (Black piedra)

smooth, wrinkled, velvety, dull colonies with a mycelial fringe.

Trichosporon ovoides/ white piedra

its culture Take about 21 days

Piedraia hortae (Black piedra)

use keratin as a source of

nitrogen

between fingers

manuum

length of white piedra

1.0 - 1.5 mm in length

"ringworm" disease (mycotic infection) of the nails, hair, and/or stratum corneum of the skin caused by fungi called

Dermatophytoses

primary isolation media of white piedra

Yeast base agar

major protein found in horns, hooves, nails, hair, and skin.

Keratin

scalp & eyebrows

Tinea capitis

demonstrate pigment production by Trichophyton rubrum

Potato dextrose agar

more general name for any skin disease caused by a fungus

Dermatomycoses

ringworm in feet

pedis

genitalia

cruris

special form of Tinea corporis usually concentric rings on skin

imbricata

rinbgworm in face

fascie

rinbgworm in fingernails

unguium

hairy parts of face

Tinea barbae

face, arms, trunks

corporis

no scaling

Alopecia areata

(agar) T. rubrum (-) is differentiated from T. mentagrophytes (+) by amount of pigment produced

Corn meal agar (CMA) + 10% glucose:

diffuse hair loss

Seborrheic dermatitis

antibody that is activated when exposed to mold and attaches to mast cells

igE

no loss of hair, silvery scaling

Psoriasis

Laboratory Tests for Dermatophytes Direct Microscopy using

10% KOH or 20% КОН

Apple green fluorescence of ectothrix hair

Microsporum audouinii

negative in Hair Baiting Test

T. rubrum and m equinum

obverse color Microsporum audouini

gray to tan white

cinnamon color, powdery colonies

Microsporum gypseum

3-9 celled, broadly spindle-shaped, rough walled macroconidia

. Microsporum gypseum

reverse color Microsporum audouini

light salmon with red brownish center

thin colonies with feathery edge; center of colony is white to buff, edges are orange yellow

Microsporum canis

lemon yellow/yellow orange

Microsporum canis

beak-like shaped rough macroconidia

Microsporum canis

Green yellow fluorescence of ectothrix hair

Microsporum canis

Center of colonies tend to be folded, khaki green to yellow color

Epidermophyton floccosum

moderately thick, smooth walls (beaver tails)

Epidermophyton floccosum

White, pink, granular, fluffy colonies; with occasionally light yellow periphery

mentagrophytes

reverse: yellow brown with folds

Epidermophyton floccosum

White downy-pink granules, rugal folds are common

rubrum

Favic chandeliers and chlamydospores common

schonleinii

Source of infection of Epidermophyton floccosum

Sharing of linens, towels or clothes Athletes, soldiers, ship crews

White, tan-yellow or rust, suede like to powdery. Wrinkled and heaped or sunken crater

tonsurans

Irregularly hip, smooth, white cream with radiating grooves

schonleinii

Port-wine/deep violet, heaped on flat with waxy surface

violaceum

Macronidia: few, smooth walled, cigar shaped, connected to hyphae with definite narrow attachment

mentagrophytes

Micronidia: spherical often in grape-like clusters spiral hyphae

mentagrophytes

Macroconidia: few, smooth-walled, pencil-shaped

rubrum

Microconidia tear shaped and lateral along hyphae

rubrum

“Balloon Forms”- aged pleomorphic microconidia

tonsurans

Swollen hyphae containing cytoplasmic granules

violaceum

Microconidia: large, clavate, lateral

verrucosum

Macroconidia: “rat tail”, 3-5 cells thin walled

verrucosum

Often start on the scrotum and spread to the groin as dry, itchy lesions

Tinea cruris or “jock itch”

Tinea unguium and tinea cruris are often caused by this fungus.

Epidermophyton floccosum

Arthroderma otae

Microsporum canis

Atypical vegetative hyphae with terminal chlamydospore

microsporum audouinii

rare

tinea nigra and black piedra

common

versicolor, seb dermititis and follicular