LES 1 INTRO Flashcards
caused by a change, or mutation, in an
individual’s DNA sequence
Genetic or intrinsic
study of fungi, its structure, identification and
diseases caused
MYCOLOGY
these are causes of diseases that from our
environment
Acquired or extrinsic
feeds on dead organic matter
Saprophytic
uses different organic compounds as sources for nourishment
Heterotrophs
contains chitin made of carbohydrate, Nacetylglucosamine, β-glucan
Cell Wall
site of action of caspofungin
cell wall
an antifungal drug and belongs to a
new class called the echinocandins
used to treat Aspergillus and Candida infection, and works by inhibiting cell wall synthesis
Caspofungin
rich in sterol (ergosterol)
cell membrane
site of action of Amphotericin B and Azoles
Cell Membrane
mat of hyphae
Mycelium
grows at 37C
yeasts
grows at 22C
molds
small branching hyphae that grow downwards
Rhizoids
assumes both yeast and mould forms
DIMORPHIC FUNGI
one of the most important figures for antibiotics
Alexander Fleming
fungi for pest control
Entomopathogenic
used as a precursor on
creating vitamin c and ascorbic acid
Aspergillus niger
Protects the cell from osmotic and mechanical stress
Cell wall
most poisonous among the mycotoxins
Aflatoxin
enclosed by a nuclear membrane with nucleolus
nucleus
ribosome for bacteria
16s rRNA
ribosome marker for fungal classification
18s rRNA
thin, transparent, tubular wall, filled or lined with a layer of protoplasm varying in thickness
hyphae
hyphae contain few if any cellular
separations. Sparsely septate range in diameter from
5-15 urn.
Sparsely septate/coenocytic (formerly
aseptate)
Hyphae according to the presence of transverse walls: have cellular separation or cross-walls range in diameter from 3-6 urn.
septated
chains of successively budding yeast
cells.
Pseudohyphae
function in food absorption
; portion that extends below the agar surface or nutrient
substrate
Vegetative hyphae
extend above the agar or nutrient substrate
; support reproductive structures called conidia
Aerial hyphae
external coating located outside of covering the cell wall
capsule
