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GCSE Design and Technology > Summer 2021 > Flashcards

Summer 2021 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 2 types of plastic?

A
  • Thermosetting

* Thermoforming

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2
Q

What is stock form?

A

the original form that it can be bought and is stored in, it is usually a standardised size

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3
Q

What are 3 stock forms for plastic?

A
  • Powder
  • Granules
  • Sheet
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4
Q

What are the 7 plastic manufacturing techniques?

A
  • Line Bending
  • Injection Moulding
  • Vacuum Forming
  • Blow Moulding
  • Extrusion moulding
  • Compression Moulding
  • Rotational Moulding
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5
Q

What is line bending?

A

Line bending is one of the simplest ways of forming a plastic sheet. A strip heater consists of a hot wire that heats the polymer until it becomes pliable and can be bent into shape. Jigs and formers can be used to achieve consistent desired results for multiple products. You should not overheat the polymer as it may blister or discolour

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6
Q

What is injection moulding?

A

Plastic granules are fed into a hopper. The screw in the chamber below the hopper sends the granules forward. Heated jackets around the screw melt the polymer. The screw winds back and the hydraulic ram comes forward into position. The mould is closed and sealed as the ram forces the melted plastic into the mould. The plastic is allowed to cool and the halves of the mould release. The sprew is machined off

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7
Q

What is vacuum forming?

A

The mould is placed in the former. A sheet of thermoplastic, such as HIPS is clamped over the mould. The plastic is slowly heated to become soft. The former is raised and the air is sucked out, drawing the plastic over the former to take its shape. The plastic is allowed to cool and then removed from the mould. Individual products may then be die cut from the plastic sheet.

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8
Q

What is blow moulding?

A

The mould is opened into its 2 halves. A hollow tube of polymer known as the parison is heated. The parison is lowered into the mould. Mould is clamped shut, leaving only a small hole for the air hose. Air is forced into the mould at high pressure. The plastic is forced to the mould side and cools

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9
Q

What is extrusion forming?

A

A motor turns a thread which feeds granules of plastic through a heater. The granules melt into a liquid which is forced through a die, forming a long “tube like” shape. The extrusion is then cooled and formed a solid shape in the cooling chamber. The shape of the die determined the shape of the tube

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10
Q

What is an example use of line bending?

A

a menu holder/covid screen

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11
Q

What is an example use of injection moulding?

A

a Lego brick

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12
Q

What is an example use of vacuum forming?

A

a school food tray

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13
Q

What is an example use of blow moulding?

A

a disposable plastic water bottle

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14
Q

What is an example use of extrusion moulding

A

a plastic tube

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15
Q

What is anthropometrics?

A

anthropometrics is the practise of taking measurements of the human body and provides a categorised data that can be used by designers

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16
Q

What is ergonomics?

A

ergonomics is the study of how well and comfortably people can interact with products and systems

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17
Q

How would designers have used anthropometrics in the design of the kitchen units?

A

When designing the kitchen, the designers would have measured peoples height and adjusted the height of the counters so that it is correct for the majority of people. Also, they would have adjusted the height of the cabinets so that it appeals to people between the 5th and 95th percentile

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18
Q

How would designers have used ergonomics in the design of the kitchen units?

A

When designing the kitchen, the designers would have positioned features such as the sink and stove so that people can comfortably interact with them. Also, they would have adjusted the handles on the cabinets so that they can be opened comfortably and are easily opened. Finally, they would have adjusted the location of the cabinets so that they are accessible from the correct positions and can be easily opened

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19
Q

What is pewter?

A

pewter is a metal alloy mostly made from tin. Most modern pewter is 96% tin, 4% copper and contains some antimony, although there are many variations

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20
Q

What is casting?

A

casting is a manufacturing technique in which a liquid metal is used to fill a mould. Casting involves pouring molten metal into a mould or injecting it into a die, and then allowing it to cool

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21
Q

Why is pewter a suitable alloy to be used in the casting process?

A

Pewter has a relatively low melting point of 230*C

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22
Q

What is the stock form of pewter?

A

A bar

23
Q

Why is lead no longer used in pewter?

A

Lead is poisonous, and because pewter is often used to make cups, jewellery and doorknobs many people where poisoned and where killed by lead poisoning

24
Q

Why is antimony used in pewter?

A

antimony is resistant to acids

25
Q

What size do most designers try to appeal to?

A

between the 5th and 95th percentile

26
Q

Why do designers try to appeal between the 5th and 95th percentile?

A

the average sizes are between the 5th and 95th percentile so most people who would buy their product would be in this range. Appealing to this range would make them more money than if they tried to appeal to all sizes or just 1

27
Q

Why are anthropometrics important?

A

Anthropometrics is the consideration of the sizes of people, so that products can be effectively designed

28
Q

Why are ergonomics important?

A

A sound understanding of ergonomics can prevent most workplace injuries by adjusting tools to the user, putting an emphasis on proper posture to reduce the impact of repetitive movements

29
Q

What is an example of when Anodising would be used?

A

an aluminium torch that needs to be coloured red

30
Q

What is an example of when Electroplating would be used?

A

brass jewellery that needs to have a final colour of silver

31
Q

What is an example of when Galvanising would be used?

A

mild steel crash barrier

32
Q

What is an example of when Plastic Powder Coating would be used?

A

mild steel bench at a railway station

33
Q

What is an example of when Brush-on Metal Paint would be used?

A

one-off mild steel welded table frame

34
Q

What is an example of when Spray Paint would be used?

A

MDF radiator cover

35
Q

What is an example of when Stain would be used?

A

Children’s hardwood toy

36
Q

What is an example of when Teak Oil would be used?

A

Outdoor hardwood table and chair set

37
Q

What is an example of when Polyurethane Varnish would be used?

A

softwood children’s high chair for indoor use

38
Q

What is an example of when Vinyl Decals would be used?

A

recycling identification for thermoplastic bins

39
Q

What is Anodising?

A

Aluminium products can be anodised to create a hard surface that will help protect the product. During the process, dyes can be added to the solution to colour the aluminium at the same time

40
Q

What is Electroplating?

A

Electroplating can be used to cover items in a thin layer of metal. This will give a highly decorative finish and is very precise. They offer no benefits other than aesthetics. They can be used on very intricate pieces

41
Q

What is Galvanising?

A

Galvanising is a highly durable finish that will protect the material from rust and weathering. It requires no maintenance and is aesthetically pleasing

42
Q

What is Plastic Powder Coating?

A

Plastic powder coating provides a durable and long-lasting surface finish that will not require re-painting. It will also protect ferrous metals from rusting

43
Q

What is Brush-on Metal Paint?

A

Brush-on metal paint is easy to apply and cost effective for a one-off product. With a good quality brush, a very good finish can be achieved. It enhances the aesthetics

44
Q

What is Vinyl Decals?

A

Vinyl decals can be cut using a CNC machine and then applied to the surface of the desired product. They can be made very quickly and cheaply. For larger batches it may be more suitable to screen print

45
Q

What is Vinyl Decals?

A

Vinyl decals can be cut using a CNC machine and then applied to the surface of the desired product. They can be made very quickly and cheaply. For larger batches it may be more suitable to screen print

46
Q

What is Vinyl Decals?

A

Vinyl decals can be cut using a CNC machine and then applied to the surface of the desired product. They can be made very quickly and cheaply. For larger batches it may be more suitable to screen print

47
Q

What are indicators for blow moulding?

A
  • Shut Line
  • Sprue Mark
  • Closed Neck
  • Hollow Shape
48
Q

What are indicators for injection moulding?

A
  • Shut Lines
  • Sprue Marks
  • Complex Shape
  • Lots of Detail
49
Q

What do you do when you are asked to design a product that you know nothing about?

A

Complete an investigation or research it

50
Q

What are the 2 types of investigation?

A
  • Primary investigation

* Secondary investigation

51
Q

What is primary investigation?

A

Primary investigation is when you find out new information for yourself

52
Q

What is secondary investigation?

A

Secondary investigation is when you use someone else’s information

53
Q

What shape does vacuum forming require?

A

“Shell” structure

GCSE Design and Technology (6 decks)

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