Autumn 2021 Flashcards
What is technology push?
Research and development in science and industry can lead to new discoveries, which can be used to improve existing products or develop new ones. This is known as technology push, and it happens before there is consumer demand for a product. Research and development is valuable for companies who are the first to introduce a new, innovative product
What is market pull?
Market pull is when product ideas are produced in response to market forces or consumer needs. Example of this include the development of cameras, which have become smaller, more lightweight, and higher performing as a result of customer needs
What are the pros of computer aided design?
- Can be shared easily electronically
- Complex designs are made easier to achieve
- 3d products can be designed and viewed from many angles
What are the cons of computer aided design?
- Can be difficult for new users to use
* Design limited by tools in software
What are the pros of computer aided manufacture?
- Higher level of accuracy than traditional methods of manufacturing
- Eliminates human error
Who has shared responsibility for considering environmental, social, and economic challenges of a product?
Designer, Manufacturer, Consumer, and Retailer
What is the greenhouse effect?
The burning of fossil fuels that cause a build up of gases in the worlds atmosphere
What is a benefit of User-centred design?
Gained specialist knowledge
What are 2 greenhouse gases?
- Carbon Dioxide
* Methane
What is does the carbon footprint of a product measure?
Its overall environmental impact
How do plants affect the carbon content in out atmosphere?
Reduce the carbon content
What is fair trade?
A principle where everyone in the chain of manufacturing is offered fair wages and good working conditions
What does the product miles refer to in regards of product design?
The distance travelled by a product from raw materials to manufacture
Where does the word strategy originate from?
Office or command of a general (military)
Name 6 design strategies:
- Collaboration
- User-centred design
- Systems approach
- Iterative design
- Biomimicry
- Avoid Design fixation
Explain the design strategy of Collaboration:
When your in the initial stages of a project it is sometimes good to work with others as part of a group, this is allows you to:
- Have a wider set of resources
- Have more ideas
- Have broader experience
- Share information
- It engages employees
- It helps you to avoid design fixation
Explain the design strategy of Collaboration:
When your in the initial stages of a project it is sometimes good to work with others as part of a group, this is allows you to:
- Have a wider set of resources
- Have more ideas
- Have broader experience
- Share information
- It engages employees
- It helps you to avoid design fixation
Explain the design strategy of User-centred design
The wants and the needs of the user are a priority. Their thoughts are given lots of attention through hard work. This allows you to:
- Gain specialist knowledge
- Have knowledge in a variety of areas
- It allows the client to be involved in the process
Explain the design strategy of systems approach:
Breaking down the design process into a number of different stages and doing each in turn. This logical approach is particularly useful in electronics where there is an input, process, and output, as each stage has to perform a specific function before moving onto the next step
Explain the design strategy of iterative design:
A process that is centred around constant process of evaluation and improvement. It improves designs based on the results of testing, allowing constant improvement. Design is improved step by step and it is easy to track problems and fix them early on
Explain the design strategy of biomimicry:
Biomimicry is an innovative approach to design that strives to copy natures time-tested patterns and structures. nature has already solved many of the problems humans may encounter
Explain the design strategy of avoiding design fiaxation;
Design fixation confines a designer to limited creativity. It is a regressive cycle, that is sometimes difficult to escape. The first idea that a designer comes up with might not be the best one, but they might pursue it because it has worked or them before an they feel they should try it again. This can be avoided by:
- collaboration
- feedback from target user groups
- testing a product
Name 6 renewable energy sources:
- Tidal
- Hydroelectric
- Solar electricity cells
- Solar heating cells
- Wind
- Geothermal
What is tidal energy?
Water is trapped behind a barrage at high tide. The water is released back into the ocean through turbines. The turbines drive a generator which then generates electricity.
