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GCSE Design and Technology > Spring 2022 > Flashcards

Spring 2022 Flashcards

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1
Q

What needs to be considered during material selection?

A
  • Functionality
  • Ethical factors
  • Availability
  • Aesthetics
  • Cost
  • Social / Cultural factors
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2
Q

What is considered when looking at functionality during material selection?

A
  • How well does a product carry out its purpose
  • What is the product used for
  • Where will the product be used
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3
Q

What is considered when looking at Ethical factors during material selection?

A
  • Moral decisions when designing and manufacturing products

* What are the implications

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4
Q

What is considered when looking at availability during material selection?

A
  • Ease of sourcing and purchasing material
  • Is it in good supply
  • Could this affect the cost
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5
Q

What is considered when looking at Social / Cultural factors during material selection?

A

*Social responsibility and sensitivity to other cultures

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6
Q

What is considered when looking at cost during material selection?

A
  • Cost of materials
  • Cost of manufacturing using material
  • Could you buy in bulk
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7
Q

What is considered when looking at Aesthetics during material selection?

A
  • How will the product look
  • Does it look nice / appropriate
  • Is the finish cost effective / appropriate
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8
Q

What are raw materials?

A

Unprocessed materials used to produce a variety of products

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9
Q

What is the raw material used to make planks of wood?

A

Trees

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10
Q

What is the raw material used to make Polymers?

A

Crude oil

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11
Q

What is the raw material used to make Metal bars?

A

Metal ore

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12
Q

What is a stock form?

A

Standard sizes that materials are produced in enabling them to be easily used across industries

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13
Q

Why are stock forms cheaper than special or custom sized materials?

A

Stock sizes come in standard forms and sizes and they are cheaper to produce as they can be processed in large quantities

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14
Q

Why is it important for designers to choose appropriate stock forms to use in their product?

A

The use of an appropriate stock form will help keep down costs as they avoid the need for any additional machining or processing before use. It can also help reduce waste

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15
Q

What is the reason for stock forms?

A

Stock forms come in many common shapes and sizes, allowing manufacturers and designers to select the most appropriate shape / size to manufacture their product

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16
Q

What is the standard form for wood?

A

Planks

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17
Q

What is rough sawn wood used for?

A

Rough sawn wood is used for hidden building work as it hasn’t been planed smooth

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18
Q

What is planed square edge (PSE)?

A

Timber which has been sent through a planer / thicknesser to create a smooth standard thickness of timber

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19
Q

What is an advantage of stock form manufactured boards over stock form planks of wood?

A

They can come in much larger sizes and in a wider variety of thicknesses

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20
Q

What are some examples of standard components?

A
  • Hinges
  • Screws
  • Bolts
  • Handles
  • KD Fittings
  • Nuts
  • Rivets
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21
Q

What are Knock Down (KD) fittings?

A

Fittings that allow wood or board to be joined together quickly and accurately, but then disassembled later

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22
Q

What are KD fittings often used for?

A

Flat pack furniture

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23
Q

What are 4 examples of KD fittings?

A
  • Blocks
  • Dowels
  • Scan Fittings
  • CAM Locks
24
Q

What is the standard form of metal?

A

Bar, Sheet, or tubular form, in standard thickness, length, or diameter

25
Q

Why is ordering the correct stock form of metals important?

A

It is sometimes difficult or expensive to reform metal

26
Q

What are the 6 stock forms for polymers and when are they often sued?

A
  • Sheets
  • Granules - often used in processes such as injection moulding
  • Powders - often used in fluidising tanks to plastic coat objects
  • Foams
  • Films
  • PLA Filament - supplied on a reel and often used in 3D printing
27
Q

What is a production aid?

A

Something that assists with a manufacturing process

28
Q

What are 8 production aids?

A
  • Templates
  • Moulds
  • Formers
  • Measuring
  • Reference points
  • Patterns
  • Die Cutters
  • Jigs
29
Q

What is a template?

A

Something to draw or cut around to produce a shape identical to it

30
Q

When would a template be used and how can it be produced?

A

It can be used in commercial and one-off manufacture and can be copied by hand or through CAD

31
Q

What are the positives of a template?

A
  • Ensure quality of the final outcome
  • Ensure the item is accurately made, especially in the case of more than one item being produced
  • Ideas can be replicated exactly
32
Q

What is a mould?

A

A hollow shape used when casting metal or plastic resin

33
Q

How does a mould work?

A

The shape of the mould determines the shape of the final product

34
Q

What is a former?

A

A rigid shape used to other materials take its form

35
Q

How does a former work?

A

The softened material takes on the shape of the former when heated. When it hardens it is removed, leaving the former ready to be used again

36
Q

When would a mould be used?

A

Injection moulding

37
Q

When would a former be used?

A

Vacuum forming

38
Q

When would measuring be used?

A

Commercial and one-off manufacture

39
Q

What are 5 tools used to aid accurate measuring?

A
  • Tape measure
  • Tri Square
  • French curves
  • Compass
  • Protractor
40
Q

What is a reference point?

A

A point from which measurements are made (this could be the corner of an object)

41
Q

What is a datum?

A

A point marked on an object from which all measurements are made

42
Q

What are patterns?

A

A pattern is a collection of shapes that are attached to the surface of the material to aid shaping it

43
Q

What is an example of when a pattern would be used?

A

A tailor making a garment could use a pattern to mark the required shapes of the garment onto fabric

44
Q

What is a die cutter?

A

Shapes in card can be cut using a hollow die

45
Q

What is an example of a die cutter?

A

A hole punch

46
Q

What are the advantages of die cutters?

A
  • Ensure the product is accurately made, especially in the case of more than 1 item being produced
  • Shapes can be cut out exactly and accurately
  • It is a relatively fast process
47
Q

What is a fabrication process?

A

A process where component parts are combined together

48
Q

What is a jig?

A

A device made to perform a specific part of the manufacturing process such as a guide for tools to cut/drill and/or position correctly and help hold items together during a fabrication process.

49
Q

What are the advantages of using jigs?

A
  • Speed up the manufacturing process
  • Reduce the risk of human error
  • Make the process safer to carry out
  • Increase accuracy
  • Increase consistency
  • Reduce waste
50
Q

What is a disadvantage of a Jig?

A

They can take a long time to make, so it may not be worthwhile for only a few products

51
Q

How do reference points aid production?

A
  • They may be used to mark out a point that is to be cut or drilled
  • They may be used to align different sheets and machines
52
Q

What is the difference between a recycled and re-used material?

A

Recycled materials are materials which have been re-processed to produce a new product, whereas re-used materials are materials which are already suitable and are used directly in their current form

53
Q

How can using recycled or re-used materials help limit the environmental impact of a proiduct?

A

It reduces the amount of energy required to source and process materials. This can help reduce carbon emissions as energy is often produced by burning fossil fuels

54
Q

What is an ethically sourced material?

A

A material that has been sources with the moral considerations and implications in mind (such as the environmental impact or conditions for workers), ensuring that it does not have a negative impact on those who live in the sourcing area and that all those involved in the sourcing and manufacturing process are paid fair wages

55
Q

Why are stock forms environmentally beneficial?

A

They help to minimise waste

GCSE Design and Technology (6 decks)

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