Summary of Resistance Mechanisms Flashcards
Beta-lactams Examples
Penicillins
cephalosporins
carbapenems
monobactams
Beta-lactams Resistance Mechanism
Hydrolysis (β-lactamase);
altered target site
efflux
Aminoglycosides Examples
Gentamicin, tobramycin,
amikacin
Aminoglycosides Resistance Mechanism
Aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes
altered target site
efflux
Glycopeptides Example
Vancomycin
Glycopeptides Resistance Mechanism
Altered cell wall precursors
Lipopeptides Examples
Daptomycin
Lipopeptide Resistance Mechanism
Altered target site
thickening peptidoglycan structure
Tetracyclines Examples
Doxycycline, minocycline
Tetracyclines Resistance Mechanism
Altered target site
efflux
Glycylcycline Examples
Tigecycline
Glycylcycline Resistance Mechanism
Altered target site
efflux
Macrolides Examples
Erythromycin
azithromycin
clarithromycin
Macrolides Resistance Mechanism
Altered target site
efflux
Lincosamides Examples
Clindamycin
Lincosamides Resistance Mechanism
Altered target site
efflux
Streptogramins Examples
Quinupristin/dalfopristin
Streptogramins Resistance Mechanism
Altered target site
efflux
acetylation
Oxazolidinones Examples
Linezolid
tedizolid
Oxazolidinones Resistance Mechanism
Altered target site
efflux
Fluoroquinolones Examples
Ciprofloxacin
levofloxacin
moxifloxacin
Fluoroquinolones Resistance Mechanism
Altered target site
efflux
Pyrimidines Examples
Trimethoprim
Pyrimidines Resistance Mechanism
Altered target site
efflux
Sulfonamides Examples
Sulfamethoxazole
Sulfonamides Resistance Mechanism
Altered target site
efflux
Rifamycins Examples
Rifampin
Rifamycins Resistance Mechanism
ADP-ribosylation
altered target site
efflux
Cationic peptides Examples
Colistin
polymyxin B
Cationic peptides Resistance Mechanism
Altered target site
efflux