Erdman Cephalosporin Learning Objectives

Question 1

First generation cephalorsporin

Answer 1

cefazolin

cephalexin

Question 2

Second generation cephalosproin

Answer 2

cefuroxime

cefoxitin

cefotetan

cefprozil

Question 3

Third generation cephalosporin

Answer 3

ceftriaxone

ceftazidime

cefpodoxime

Question 4

Fourth generation cephalosporin

Answer 4

cefepime

Question 5

Anti-MRSA Cephalosporin

Answer 5

ceftaroline

Question 6

New Miscellaneous Cephalosporin

Answer 6

cefiderocol

Question 7

cephalosporin w/ beta lactamase inhibitor

Answer 7

ceftolozane-tazobactam

ceftazidime-avibactam

Question 8

carbapenems

Answer 8

imipenem

meropenem

ertapenem

doripenem

Question 9

carbapenem w/ beta lactamase inhibitor

Answer 9

meropenem-vaborbactam

imipenem-relebactam

Question 10

monobactam

Answer 10

aztreonam

Question 11

1st generation cephalo positive

Answer 11

streptococci

PSSP

MSSA

Question 12

1st generation cephalo negative

Answer 12

PEK

proteus mirabilis, e. coli, klebsiella pneumonia

Question 13

DOC for surgical prophylaxis

Answer 13

cefazolin

Question 14

2nd generation cephalo positive

Answer 14

streptococci

PSSP

MSSA (but higher MIC)

Question 15

2nd generation cephalo negative

Answer 15

HENPEK

h. influenza, e. coli, n. meningitis, p. mirabilis, enterobacter, klebsiella

Question 16

cefoxitin, cefotetan, cefmetazole used for

Answer 16

anaerobe activity including bacteroides fragilis

Question 17

3rd generation cephalo positive

Answer 17

ceftriaxone and cefotaxime for ***PRSP

Question 18

3rd generation cephalo negative

Answer 18

HENPECKSSS

h. influenza, e. coli, n. meningitis, p. mirabilis, enterobacter, citrobacter, klebsiella, salmonella, shigella, serratia

Question 19

ceftazidime and cefoperazone used for

Answer 19

***pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 20

4th generation cephalo positive

Answer 20

***PRSP

Question 21

4th generation cephalo negative

Answer 21

HENPECKSSS + pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 22

ceftaroline positive

Answer 22

**PRSP, **MRSA

Question 23

ceftaroline negative

Answer 23

HENPECKSSS

Question 24

ceftazidime-avibactam positive

Answer 24

streptococci

Question 25

ceftazidime-avibactam negative

Answer 25

HENPECKSSS + pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 26

ceftolozane-tazobactam positive

Answer 26

streptococci

Question 27

ceftolozane-tazobactam negative

Answer 27

HENPECKSSS + pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 28

cephalosporins NOT active against

Answer 28

enterococcus

Question 29

parenteral cefuroxime, 3rd generation cephalosporins and cefepime have

Answer 29

CSF penetration

Question 30

ceftriaxone and cefoperazone have

Answer 30

biliary and liver elimination

Question 31

ceftriaxone ______________ dialysis

Answer 31

is NOT removed

Question 32

ceftriaxone half life

Answer 32

8 hours

Question 33

cephalosporin hypersensitivity information

Answer 33

cross reactivity w/ penicillins about 5 - 15%

anaphylaxis = don’t use

rash = okay to use

Question 34

cephalosporin adverse reactions

Answer 34

hematologic (leukopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia)

GI: pseudomembranous colitis

non convulsive status epilepticus

Question 35

precipitation of ceftriaxone with

Answer 35

IV calcium products

Question 36

carbapenem spectrum

Answer 36

broad, covers many gram positive, negative and anaerobes

Question 37

best gram positive carbapenem

Answer 37

imipenem and doripenem are best for:

MSSA and PSSP

Question 38

best gram negative carbapenem

Answer 38

meropenem and doripenem are the best for

DOC for ESBL and AmpC producing bacteria

most enterobacteriae

pseudomonas aeruginosa (NOT ertapenem)

Question 39

best anaerobes carbapenem

Answer 39

all carbapenems cover anaerobes

***covers bacteroides fragilis

Question 40

carbapenems have no activity against

Answer 40

MRSA, VRE, c. difficile, strenotrophomonas maltophilia, atypical bacteria

Question 41

monobactams only have activity against

Answer 41

GRAM NEGATIVE aerobes including PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA