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Therapeutics V > Most Common Bacteria - Disease State // Circumstance > Flashcards

Most Common Bacteria - Disease State // Circumstance Flashcards

1
Q

Bacteremic pneumonia cases

A

Streptococcus pneumoniae

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2
Q

More likely in patients post influenza

A

Staphylococcus aureus

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3
Q

Alcoholism

A

S. pneumoniae (including DRSP), oral anaerobes, K. pneumoniae, M. tuberculosis

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4
Q

COPD/Smoker

A

H. influenzae, L. pneumophila

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5
Q

Aspiration

A

Gram negative bacilli, oral anaerobes

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6
Q

Lung abscess

A

CA-MRSA, oral anaerobes, endemic fungal pneumonia, M. tuberculosis

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7
Q

Exposure to bat or bird droppings

A

Histoplasma capsulatum

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8
Q

Exposure to birds

A

Chlamydophila psittaci

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9
Q

Exposure to rabbirts

A

Francisella tularensis

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10
Q

Exposure to farm animals

A

Coxiella burnetti

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11
Q

HIV infection (early)

A

S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, M. tuberculosis

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12
Q

HIV infection (late)

A

Above plus Pneumocystis jiroveci, Cryptococcus neoformans

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13
Q

Hotel or cruise ship stay in previous 2 weeks

A

Legionella pneumophila

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14
Q

Influenza in community

A

Influenza, S. pneumonia, S. aureus (CA-MRSA), H. influenzae

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15
Q

Structural lung disease (bronchiectasis, CF)

A

P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, Burkholderia cepacia

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16
Q

Injection drug use

A

S. aureus, anaerobes, M. tuberculosis, S. pneumoniae

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17
Q

Endobronchial obstruction

A

Anaerobes, S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, S. aureus

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18
Q

Nursing home residency

A

S. pneumoniae, Gram-negative bacilli, H. influenzae, S.

aureus, anaerobes, C. pneumoniae

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19
Q

Poor dental hygiene

A

Anaerobes

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20
Q

Travel to or residence in

southwestern USA

A

Coccidioides immitis, Hantavirus

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21
Q

In context of bioterrorism

A 
Bacillus anthracis (anthrax), Yersinia pestis (plague),
Francisella tularensis (tularemia)
22
Q

CAP: Rust colored sputum

A

S. pneumoniae

23
Q

CAP: Mucoid sputum

A

K. pneumoniae

24
Q

HAP/VAP

A

Aerobic gram-negative bacilli = 70%
~P. aeruginosa = 10 - 20%

S. aureus (especially MRSA) = 20 - 30%

25
Q

Acute bronchitis

A

TRICK QUESTION = NO ANTIBACTERIAL THERAPY

26
Q

Acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis

A

Bacterial cause = H. influenzae (45%)

Chronic inhalation of irritants compromises normal secretory and mucociliary function

27
Q

Acute Pharyngitis

A

Bacterial cause = Streptococcus pyogenes (10 - 30%)

Viruses (rhinovirus, coronavirus, adenovirus) = most common

28
Q

Acute bacterial rhinosinusitis

A

H. influenzae

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Moraxella catarrhalis

29
Q

Impetigo

A

S. aureus and/or S. pyogenes (Group A streptococcus)

30
Q

Erysipelas (variant of cellulitis)

A

Beta hemolytic streptococci

31
Q

Cellulitis: Infants, children

A

H. influenzae, S. pyogenes , S. aureus, group B strep in neonates

32
Q

Cellulitis: Adults, post operative

A

S. aureus, S. pyogenes, other group strep

33
Q

Cellulitis: Injection Drug Users

A

S. aureus (including MRSA), S. pyogenes, anaerobes, fungi

34
Q

Cellulitis: Diabetics

A

S. aureus, S. pyogenes, group B strep,

Gram negative bacilli, anaerobes

35
Q

Cellulitis: Immunocompromised

A

Gram negative bacilli, fungi

36
Q

Cellulitis: Necrotizing Infections

A

S. pyogenes*** , Clostridium perfringens

37
Q

2 most common causative organisms of SSTIs

A

S. pyogenes, S. aureus

38
Q

Most common causes of moderate DFIs

A

S. pyogenes, S. aureus

39
Q

Intraabdominal Infections

A

Gram negative E. coli

Gram positive = Streptococcus species

40
Q

Endocarditis

A

Staphylococci (Usually S. aureus)

41
Q

Clostridioides difficile

A

Clostridioides difficile

42
Q

Osteomyelitis

A

S. aureus

43
Q

Septic arthritis: Neonates + children

A

S. aureus

44
Q

Septic arthritis: Adults 15 - 40

A

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

45
Q

Septic arthritis: cat or dog bite

A

Pasteurella multocida

46
Q

Septic arthritis:

A

Eikenella corrodens, anaerobes, oral flora

47
Q

Prosthetic joint infection

A

Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA and MRSA), Streptococci, Enterococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacteriaceae

48
Q

UTI (females and males)

A

E. coli

E. coli

E. coli

49
Q

GU in males

A

Gram negative = Enterobacteriaceae (E. coli, proteus)

Gram positive = Enterococcus spp., S. aureus

50
Q

Urethritis in males

A

Neisseria gonorrhea

51
Q

Epididymitis

A

Chlamydia

Therapeutics V (17 decks)

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