Most Common Bacteria - Disease State // Circumstance Flashcards
Bacteremic pneumonia cases
Streptococcus pneumoniae
More likely in patients post influenza
Staphylococcus aureus
Alcoholism
S. pneumoniae (including DRSP), oral anaerobes, K. pneumoniae, M. tuberculosis
COPD/Smoker
H. influenzae, L. pneumophila
Aspiration
Gram negative bacilli, oral anaerobes
Lung abscess
CA-MRSA, oral anaerobes, endemic fungal pneumonia, M. tuberculosis
Exposure to bat or bird droppings
Histoplasma capsulatum
Exposure to birds
Chlamydophila psittaci
Exposure to rabbirts
Francisella tularensis
Exposure to farm animals
Coxiella burnetti
HIV infection (early)
S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, M. tuberculosis
HIV infection (late)
Above plus Pneumocystis jiroveci, Cryptococcus neoformans
Hotel or cruise ship stay in previous 2 weeks
Legionella pneumophila
Influenza in community
Influenza, S. pneumonia, S. aureus (CA-MRSA), H. influenzae
Structural lung disease (bronchiectasis, CF)
P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, Burkholderia cepacia
Injection drug use
S. aureus, anaerobes, M. tuberculosis, S. pneumoniae
Endobronchial obstruction
Anaerobes, S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, S. aureus
Nursing home residency
S. pneumoniae, Gram-negative bacilli, H. influenzae, S.
aureus, anaerobes, C. pneumoniae
Poor dental hygiene
Anaerobes
Travel to or residence in
southwestern USA
Coccidioides immitis, Hantavirus
In context of bioterrorism
Bacillus anthracis (anthrax), Yersinia pestis (plague), Francisella tularensis (tularemia)
CAP: Rust colored sputum
S. pneumoniae
CAP: Mucoid sputum
K. pneumoniae
HAP/VAP
Aerobic gram-negative bacilli = 70%
~P. aeruginosa = 10 - 20%
S. aureus (especially MRSA) = 20 - 30%
Acute bronchitis
TRICK QUESTION = NO ANTIBACTERIAL THERAPY
Acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis
Bacterial cause = H. influenzae (45%)
Chronic inhalation of irritants compromises normal secretory and mucociliary function
Acute Pharyngitis
Bacterial cause = Streptococcus pyogenes (10 - 30%)
Viruses (rhinovirus, coronavirus, adenovirus) = most common
Acute bacterial rhinosinusitis
H. influenzae
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Moraxella catarrhalis
Impetigo
S. aureus and/or S. pyogenes (Group A streptococcus)
Erysipelas (variant of cellulitis)
Beta hemolytic streptococci
Cellulitis: Infants, children
H. influenzae, S. pyogenes , S. aureus, group B strep in neonates
Cellulitis: Adults, post operative
S. aureus, S. pyogenes, other group strep
Cellulitis: Injection Drug Users
S. aureus (including MRSA), S. pyogenes, anaerobes, fungi
Cellulitis: Diabetics
S. aureus, S. pyogenes, group B strep,
Gram negative bacilli, anaerobes
Cellulitis: Immunocompromised
Gram negative bacilli, fungi
Cellulitis: Necrotizing Infections
S. pyogenes*** , Clostridium perfringens
2 most common causative organisms of SSTIs
S. pyogenes, S. aureus
Most common causes of moderate DFIs
S. pyogenes, S. aureus
Intraabdominal Infections
Gram negative E. coli
Gram positive = Streptococcus species
Endocarditis
Staphylococci (Usually S. aureus)
Clostridioides difficile
Clostridioides difficile
Osteomyelitis
S. aureus
Septic arthritis: Neonates + children
S. aureus
Septic arthritis: Adults 15 - 40
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Septic arthritis: cat or dog bite
Pasteurella multocida
Septic arthritis:
Eikenella corrodens, anaerobes, oral flora
Prosthetic joint infection
Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA and MRSA), Streptococci, Enterococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacteriaceae
UTI (females and males)
E. coli
E. coli
E. coli
GU in males
Gram negative = Enterobacteriaceae (E. coli, proteus)
Gram positive = Enterococcus spp., S. aureus
Urethritis in males
Neisseria gonorrhea
Epididymitis
Chlamydia