Summary of Laboratory Values for F & E and Acid Base

Question 1

One liter of water weighs?

Answer 1

2.2 lbs/1 kg.

Question 2

Serum Osmolality:

Answer 2

Normal 280-300Osm/kg. Measures the number of
osmotically active solutes in the serum.

Question 3

Hematocrit males

Answer 3

Normal values 42-52% ,males, Measures the
percentage of whole blood that is made up of RBCs. Increased with dehydration;
decreased with over-hydration

Question 4

Hematocrit females

Answer 4

37-48% females. Measures the
percentage of whole blood that is made up of RBCs. Increased with dehydration;
decreased with over-hydration

Question 5

Urea Nitrogen:

Answer 5

Normal BUN 8 - 25mg/dl. Produced in body as a byproduct of
hepatic protein metabolism. Increased BUN reflects reduction in renal fx. Can
also be affected by hydration and protein intake.

Question 6

Urine Osmolality Range

Answer 6

50-1400mOsm/kg (ave 500-800). Obtained in 24 hr
urine collection. Measures solute concentration in urine. Increased with fluid
volume deficit, SIADH. Decreased with fluid vol. excess, diabetes insipidus.

Question 7

Urine specific gravity-

Answer 7

physiologic range: 1.001-1.040. Normal approx 1.010 – 1.020

Question 8

Sodium

Answer 8

Most abundant cation in extracellular fluid (ECF). Only a small amt is
found in ICF. Normal serum value is 135-145 mEq/L.

Question 9

Chloride

Answer 9

Most abundant extracellular anion and makes up for two thirds of
plasma anions. Normal serum values 100-106 mEq/L

Question 10

Potassium

Answer 10

Major cation in ICF. Normal value is 3.5 – 5.0 mEq/L.

Question 11

Calcium

Answer 11

One of the body’s most abundant ions, primarily combined with
Phosphorus to form mineral salts of the bones and teeth. Normal value is 4.3 –
5.3 mEq/L (ionized Ca++) or 8.5 – 10 mg/dL (total Ca++) Serum value is
usually total Ca++

Question 12

Phosphorus

Answer 12

Primary anion found in the intracellular fluid. Contained in the
body as phosphate. Normal serum levels 1.8 – 2.6 mEq/L.

Question 13

Magnesium

Answer 13

Body’s second most abundant intracellular cation. Normal serum
levels is 1.5-2.0mEq/L

Question 14

measures hydrogen ion concentration in the body fluids. Increases in H+
makes solution more acidic, decrease in H+ makes solution more alkaline.
Normal pH value is 7.35-7.45 (7.4)
B. PaCO2

Answer 14

pH

Question 15

Reflection of depth of
pulmonary ventilation. Normal range is 35-45mmHg

Answer 15

PaCO2 partial pressure of CO2 in arterial blood.

Question 16

No primary role in acid-base
regulation if within normal limits. Normal range is 80-100mmHg

Answer 16

PaO2 partial pressure of O2 in arterial blood.

Question 17

Oxygen Saturation percentage of hemoglobin saturated by oxygen. Normal
value is

Answer 17

95-99%

Question 18

Normal value is +/-2

Answer 18

Base Excess amt of blood buffer that exists

Question 19

major renal component of acid-base balance. Excreted and
reproduced by the kidneys to maintain a normal acid-base. Principle buffer of
extracellular fluids in the body. Normal range is 22-26 mEq/L

Answer 19

Bicarbonate