Sultan Salahuddin Ayubi Flashcards
Who was Sultan Salahuddin Ayubi?
Sultan Salahuddin Ayubi was the ruler of Egypt and Syria. He was one of the greatest and noblest warriors that the world has ever known.
Where, when and to whom was Sultan Salahuddin Ayubi born to?
He was born in Tikrit, in 1137, to a noble family of Syria.
Who was his father?
His father was Najmuddin Ayub.
Who was his uncle?
His uncle was Asaduddin Sherkoh.
His father Najmuddin Ayub and his uncle Asaduddin Sherkoh were both trusted generals of whom?
His father Najmuddin Ayub and his uncle Asaduddin Sherkoh were both trusted generals of Sultan Nooruddin Mehmood, the ruler of Syria.
What changed in Salahuddin when he accompanied his uncle to Egypt.
Salahuddin was a very noble person who loved peace but it changed when he had to accompany his uncle to Egypt.
After his uncle Sherkoh’s death, what did Salahuddin do?
After his uncle Sherkoh’s death, Salahuddin had to take command. He became the minister of Egypt.
What position did his uncle hold?
His uncle Sherkoh was the general of the force that defeated the armies of the Crusaders when they invaded Syria and Egypt.
What happened after he became the minister of Egypt?
His humane and just policies soon won hearts of the people, who made him the ruler of Egypt when the caliph died.
Who died in 1174?
In 1174, the ruler of Syria, Sultan Nooruddin Mehmood died.
In 1174, the ruler of Syria, Sultan Nooruddin Mehmood died. Who took the throne after him?
His eleven-year-old son, Malik-us-Saleh, could not control the affairs of the state.
What message did Salahuddin send to Malik-us-Saleh?
Like a loyal subject, Salahuddin sent a message offering his services to the young ruler but received no answer.
What did the Crusaders do during the rule of Malik-us-Saleh?
Taking advantage of the weak government in Syria, the Crusaders laid siege around the capital city of Damascus and asked for a very heavy ransom to leave it.
What did Salahuddin do when he heard that Crusaders had laid siege around the capital city of Damascus and asked for a very heavy ransom to leave it?
When he heard about this, Salahuddin rushed with a small force to save Damascus. He fought and pushed the Crusaders out and took possession of the city.
What did Salahuddin do after taking possession of Damascus?
But like a truly noble soul, he did not enter the palace of his father’s patron, Sultan Nooruddin Mehmood. Instead, he stayed in his father’s house.
Who was Malik-us-Saleh and how did his countrymen feel about him? What happened after his death?
Malik-us-Saleh was a very weak and ineffective ruler. His countrymen were disappointed in him. He died young, and after his death, Salahuddin was truly and lovingly acknowledged by all as the ruler of Syria.
Which peace treaty did Reynaud, the ruler of Chattillon voilate?
There was a peace treaty between the French and the Sultan in Palestine. The Muslims respected the truce, but the Christians did not. Reynaud, the ruler of Chattillon, attacked a Muslim caravan passing by his castle. The caravan was looted and its people were killed brutally.
At the open violation of the truce what did Sultan Salahuddin do?
This open violation of the truce enraged Sultan Salahuddin who marched with a force, attacked, and gave heavy losses to the powerful army in a battle near Hattin in 1187.
In sharp attacks after the battle of Hattin, which cities did Sultan Salahuddin reoccupy?
Then in sharp attacks one after the other, he reoccupied the cities in possession of the Christians. These included Jericho, Ramlah, Jaffa, and Beirut. Ascalon was also surrendered by the Christians after a short siege.
After quick and successive victories, where did the Sultan turn towards?
After quick and successive victories, the Sultan turned towards Jerusalem where there was a force of 60,000 Christian Crusaders.
Did the Sultan take Jerusalem?
After quick and successive victories, the Sultan turned towards Jerusalem where there was a force of 60,000 Christian Crusaders. But nothing could now stop Salahuddin’s advance and victory. Jerusalem was taken by the Muslim army.
What was the difference between the treatment of the Crusaders and the Muslims when they occupied Jerusalem?
Unlike the Crusaders who had mercilessly killed and butchered Muslims when they occupied Jerusalem, the Sultan treated the defeated Crusaders with kindness and humanity. He pardoned the Christians living in Jerusalem. The soldiers were allowed to leave after payment of a very small ransom, and ransom for thousands who had no money was paid by the Sultan himself. Those who left the city were allowed to take all their bags and baggage with them.
After entering the city of Jerusalem, what did the Sultan do?
After entering the city, the Sultan went straight to the Masjid Al-Aqsa, which was cleaned up and, after more than 80 years, people heard the azaan from mosque.
After Jerusalem, which places did Sultan Salahuddin capture?
After Jerusalem, Sultan Salahuddin captured many towns on the sea coast, which were held by the Christian Crusaders.
