Sulfamides and DAP (CHAPTER3)

Question 1

Sulfanilamide

Answer 1

Systemic sulfamide
Mother sulphamide
Alone or in combination

Topical sulfamide also

Question 2

Sulphadimidine

Answer 2

Systemic sulfamide
Semiretard action: couples with plasma proteins
coccidiosis / avian cholera
oral, iv or sc

Question 3

Sulfadiazine

Answer 3

Systemic suldamide
Importance lies in associantion w Trimethoprim
Firts pyrimidine sulfonamide t1/2 3h

Question 4

Sulfadimethoxine (sulfadoxine)

Answer 4

Systemic suldamide
Similar structure to sulfadiazine
t1/1 11 - 15h
ultraslow elimination (no renal side effects)
in preparations of inject sol 40%: Borgal, Tivetrin

Question 5

Sulfadimethoxine

Answer 5

Systemic suldamide

Question 6

Sulfathiazole

Answer 6

Systemic suldamide
Intraperitoneal route
It can be quite toxic, the derivate Phthalysulfathiazole is preferred
coupkles w plasma proteins

Question 7

Sulfamethoxypyrizadine

Answer 7

Systemic suldamide
Oral in slow release bolus
Used as such or in sulfamidic combos

Question 8

Sulfaphendazol

Answer 8

Systemic suldamide
Semiretard w v good absorption and diff
couples w plasma prot at 80%

Question 9

Sulfametin

Answer 9

Systemic suldamide
Coupled rapidly w plasma prot (90%)
slow elimin
injec, tablet, powder

Question 10

Sulfathiourea (Badional)

Answer 10

Systemic suldamide
Short time of action
Associated w Marfanil from Marbedal preparation

Topical sulfamide also

Question 11

Sulfacetamide

Answer 11

Topical sulfamide
Very acetylated
Diffuses well in the eye (non irritating to it either)
For conjuntivitis and keratitis
Also in rhinopharyngeal apps, external otitis

Enteric solfonamide also

Question 12

Neoxazole

Answer 12

Topical sulfamide
Local urinary action
Spectrum: E. coli, Proteus, Pseudomonas
Tablets / sol al 40%

Question 13

Enteric sulfonamides

Answer 13

Representatives:

• Sulfaguadine
• Phthalysulfathiazole (sulfathiazole en systemic)
• Phthalysulfacetamide (sulfacetamide in topical)

Low solub and less absorbent (excpt sulfaguadine, abs in 50%)

Presentation in white insolub powders
- Sulfamerazine
- Neoxazole
Sulfametin (also topical)

Question 14

Homosulfanamides and sulfones

Answer 14

Marfanafil (inject preparations like Supronal)

Diazona ( tto leprosy in humans, coccidiosis in poultry)

Question 15

Sulfaquinoxaline

Answer 15

Antiprotozoal sulfamide
Mode of action: in immature, sexual stages but also on schizonts where is interfiring the folic acid route / PABA route
Spectrum: active in coccidia
Often association w amprolium
Side effects: damage on the ovarian follicles, adrenal degenerative phenomenon
Commercials: Sulfacoccidin Sulfaveridine

Question 16

Dimerasol

Answer 16

Antiprotozoal sulfamide
Mode of action: in immature, sexual stages but also on schizonts where is interfiring the folic acid route / PABA route
Spectrum: G+ and - germs and coccidia
Oral/parenteral (33% sol)

Question 17

Clorsulon

Answer 17

Antihelmintic sulfonamide
Action/Spectrum: against trematodes, specially fasciola, adult stage and immature forms, young forms of 6 weeks in sheep and 8 weeks in calf (eliminated w a single dose)
- Not mutagenic nor teratogenic
- Not administered in dairy cows

Question 18

Trimethoprim

Answer 18

First discovered dyaminopyrimidine
Mode of action: antibact actv w/out the drawbacks from the sulfamides. Has the ability to potentiate themselves w the sulfamides
- Result of the association: increasing the effect and transformation from bacteriostatic to bactericidal
- Antagonized by thymidine (the assoc)

No side effects

Question 19

Aminosalicylates

Answer 19

Thrimethoprim + sulfadiazine/ sulfasalazine
Excretion via urine
Injct, bolus,oralpowders

Question 20

Diaveridine

Answer 20

other sulfanamide potential drugs

in coccidiosis in poultry

Question 21

Ethioxydiaveridine