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Pharmacology > Antiseptics and Desinfectants > Flashcards

Antiseptics and Desinfectants Flashcards

1
Q

Perhydrol

A

Direct oxidant (peroxide) (releases molecular oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Reduced microbicidal powder
colorless odorless

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2
Q

Hydrogen peroxide

A

Direct oxidant (peroxide) (releases molecular oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Bivalent action:

  • antiseptic and deodorant activity, strong oxidant effect on oxygen
  • mechanical activity, cleanin debris from wouns

Peroxid activity raised on G+, being bactericidal, activity against vegetative forms

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3
Q

Carbamide peroxide

A

Direct oxidant (peroxide) (releases molecular oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Commercial: Hyperol, Perhydrit, Exterol

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4
Q

Benzoyl Peroxide

A

Direct oxidant (peroxide) (releases molecular oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Effect on germs that cause pyoderma in dogs(Staphilococcus spp) as well as soborreic sdr
Action: release O in nascent state during its penetration through the skin

Commercial: Acnegel, Lucidol

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5
Q

Sodium Perborate

A

Direct oxidant (peroxide) (releases molecular oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
At high tª and humidity, increases the r8 of O delivery, wich through decomposition will release its components (Na metaborate and H peroxide)

Commercial: Dexol

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6
Q

Potassium Permanganate

A

Direct oxidant (peroxide) (releases molecular oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

In contact w organic matter releases O in a nascent state
Good deodorant effect
Antidote for: snake venom, intx w barbiturates, morphine or phosphorus
Low toxicity

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7
Q

Ozone

A

Direct oxidant (peroxide) (releases molecular oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Desinfectant 4 water (virucidal actv)

Virucidal actv manifested by:

  • Oxidation of aa
  • Viral structural changes
  • distortion of the process of attachment
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8
Q

Chlorine

A

Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Oxidant, antiseptic, deodorant, microbicidal
Side effects. attacks metal objects and textiles

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9
Q

Ca Hypochlorate

A

Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Gray powder, water avid

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10
Q

Na Hypochlorate

A

Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Desinfectant
At low pH will release Chlorine-> chlorinated actv

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11
Q

Halazona

A

Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Increased actv in acidic media
Desinfectant soluble in water al chloroform
Commercials: Aseptamide, Gynamide

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12
Q

Organic derivatives of chloramine

A

Chloramines
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Less irritanting= long erm antimicrobial actv
Akaline envir-> less f(x)
Bactericidal activity increases in combination w ammonium chloride

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13
Q

Chloramine B

A

Chloramine
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Drinking water desinfec
Crystalline powder yellow - whitish

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14
Q

Chloramine T

A

Chloramine
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Breaks down slowly in presence of water
Used in food and water chlorination
Soluble white powder

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15
Q

Diclor- izocianuratul

A

Chloramine
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

native Cl source in food industry
Effervescent tablets

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16
Q

Iodine

A

Chloramine
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Practicably insolub in water
Broad spectrum antimicrobial
Side effects:
- Corrosive actv, stains
- ggives the smell to meat and milk
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17
Q

Tincture of iodine

A

Chloramine
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Desinvection of the operative field
Revulsive around the wounds bt not directly on the wounds

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18
Q

Lugol Solution

A

Chloramine
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Uterine antiseptic and Antihelmintic

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19
Q

Iodized petrol

A

Chloramine
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

For degrasing skin

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20
Q

Iodized glycerin

A

Chloramine
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
In pseudomembranouse stomatitis Ointments

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21
Q

Potassium Iodite

A

Chloramine
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

White odorless salty and bitter soluble in water

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22
Q

Soium Iodide

A

Chloramine
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Similar to Kiodite, but better tolerated in IV
For actinobacillosis

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23
Q

Iopanoic acid

A

Iodine used as contrast agents
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Incholeocystography as contrast agents
tablets
Commercial: Colepax

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24
Q

Iopamide

A

Iodine used as contrast agents
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Incholeocystography as contrast agents
Commercial: Cholospect

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25
Q

Acetriozat and Diatrozat meglumine

A

Iodine used as contrast agents
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Used in urographies or other radiolog examinations
Commercials:Angiografin, Cysto

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26
Q

Iodophores

A

Organic derivatives of Iodine
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Bactericidal actv: G+/-, antifungal and viruses

Commercial: Iosal Idol 10

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27
Q

Sptozol

A

Organic derivatives of Iodine
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

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28
Q

Septorom

A

Organic derivatives of Iodine
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

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29
Q

Polividone

A

Organic derivatives of Iodine
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Bactericidal

commercial: Betadine

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30
Q

Iodoform

A

Organic derivatives of Iodine
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

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31
Q

The eter solutions

A

Organic derivatives of Iodine
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

32
Q

Kliochinol

A

Organic derivatives of Iodine
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Gram - batericidal

33
Q

Mexaform

A

Organic derivatives of Iodine
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Antibacterioal, antiparasitic and antispasmodic

34
Q

Formaldehyde

A

Aldehyde
Unstable reducing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Antimicrobial, antifermentation

35
Q

Glutaraldehyde

A

Aldehyde
Unstable reducing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Antifungal, Bacteridical, antiviral
Commercial: Aseptol

36
Q

Acetic acid

A

Acid
Stable reducing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Antiphlogistic (antiinfl)

37
Q

Peracetic acid

A

Acid
Stable reducing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Desinfectant
side effects:irritating to eyes and mucosa

38
Q

Trichloroacetic acid

A

Acid
Stable reducing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Corrosive actv, vesicant and caustic

Sanofi (commercial)

39
Q

Lactic acid

A

Acid
Stable reducing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Can be antiseptic, irritating or caustic
Metabolizes glucose, lactose, sucrose by diff bact

Comm: Bayer

40
Q

Boric acid

A

Acid
Stable reducing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Antifungal and bactericidal
Comm: Clement

41
Q

Benzoic acid

A

Acid
Stable reducing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

antiseptic, antifungal, antipyretic and antiitch

42
Q

Alkalins

A

Stable reducing substances
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Parasiticides and bactericidals

In high doses can b irritating

Ex: NaOH, KOH, Na/K carbonite

43
Q

Detergents

A

Stable reducing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Na/K salts + fatty acids
Antiseptic, desinfectant, irritating

Ex batodect

44
Q

Anionic Det

A

Stable reducing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Act: Penetrates, denatured proteins, produce cytolysis and are bactericidal mostly on G+

45
Q

Cationic Detergents

A

Stable reducing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Bactericidal actv in G+, M. tuberculosis and Pseudomonas (weak in G-)
Inconsistent Antimycotic actv

MODE OF ACT:

  • Dcrease of surfacev tension, icrease the permeab of cell mb’s
  • Bact lysis due tu prot precip and inhib od enzyme systm to which detergent bind by absorption or electrical charge

Examo: cetramicide, clorodine, bromocet, bradophen, Cationorm

46
Q

Ampholytic Detergents

A

Stable reducing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Amphoteric

Fungicide, virulicide, antiseptic in infected wounds

47
Q

Non - ionic detergents

A

Stable reducing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Polar groups:

  • Alcoholic OH
  • Ether O atoms

Tween80 (dispersant 4 drugs)

48
Q

Metal salts

A

Stable reducing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Mode of action:

  • Affects w enzyme stystems equipped w sulfide radicals
  • High conc= bactericidal= prot precp
  • Low conc= astringect on tissues
  • High con= irritating, corrosive and necrotizing
49
Q

Metallic Mercury

A

Mercury and deriv
Metal salt
Stable reducing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

50
Q

Corrosive Sublimate

A

Mercury and deriv
Metal salt
Stable reducing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

51
Q

Fenosept

A

Mercury and deriv
Metal salt
Stable reducing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

52
Q

Silver Nitrate

A

Silver and deriv
Metal salt
Stable reducing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

53
Q

Silver proteinate

A

Silver and deriv
Metal salt
Stable reducing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

54
Q

Colargol

A

Silver and deriv
Metal salt
Stable reducing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

55
Q

Argirol

A

Silver and deriv
Metal salt
Stable reducing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

56
Q

Copper sulfate

A

Cooper and deriv
Metal salt
Stable reducing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

Orally can b antihelmintc

57
Q

Bismuth deriv

A

Metal Salt
Stable reducing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant

antitrypanosomiasis tto and antimicrob

Xerophorm
Bismosal

58
Q

Alcohols

A

Organic antiseptic/desinfectant

Mode of action: By pptation of prot and partly by fat solubilty

Ethanol, Methanol, Etilenglicol, Propylenglicol

59
Q

Phenol

A

Phenols and deriv
Organic antiseptic/desinfectant

Mode of act: antibact by whole molec, also precipt prot
antiparasitcs, antipruritic (by drcreasing nerve sensibility), bacteriostatic or bactericidal (2 - 3%)

60
Q

Hexachlorophen

A

Phenols and deriv

Organic antiseptic/desinfectant

61
Q

Tricresol

A

Cresols and deriv
Organic antiseptic/desinfectant

Bactericidal, antimicrobial, antiparasitic, effective on viruses

62
Q

Lizol

A

Cresols and deriv
Organic antiseptic/desinfectant

Bactericidal, acaricidal and insecticide
Antiseptic in skin and gynecology

63
Q

Creolin

A

Cresols and deriv
Organic antiseptic/desinfectant

Antiseptic , acaricidal and insecticide

64
Q

Lotagen

A

Cresols and deriv
Organic antiseptic/desinfectant

Antiseptic, desinfectant, hemostatic, antifungal

65
Q

Racilin

A

Cresols and deriv
Organic antiseptic/desinfectant

Antiseptic, bacteriostatic, antifungal, necrolytic

66
Q

Moderhinkeasable

A

Cresols and deriv
Organic antiseptic/desinfectant

Antiseptic, astringent

67
Q

Naphtalene deriv

A

Organic antiseptic/desinfectant

Antiseptic, antiparasitic, insect repellers, keratoplastic

Betanaphthol, Bezonaphthol, Resorcin, Thymol, Guaiacol, Ticol, Duotal, Cresote, Osmatin

68
Q

Tars

A

Organic antiseptic/desinfectant

Pine, coal, birch tar and Itchytol

69
Q

Chlorhexidine hydrochloride

A

Biguanide and deriv
Organic antiseptic/desinfectant

Antiseptic actv= rupture of the bact cell wall

Against: spores, viruses and fungi (partial), G+/-

Comm: Germostop, Nostril

70
Q

Chlorometaxylenol and deriv

A

Organic antiseptic/desinfectant

Bactericidal G+ (strepto and staphy, less affected)
Surgical atisept

Parachloroxylenol and Dichloroxylenols

71
Q

Acridine derivates

A

Colorants
Organic antiseptic/desinfectant

Staphilo and stepto

Mode of action: interfering w the aa sequences from the dna

72
Q

Acriflavine

A

Colorants
Organic antiseptic/desinfectant

Intese bacteriostatic: pyogenic G+

73
Q

Hemisulphate proflavine

A

Colorants

Organic antiseptic/desinfectant

74
Q

Hydrochloride aminacrine

A

Colorants
Organic antiseptic/desinfectant

for corneal inj and intraocular inflam

75
Q

Combinations of A&D

A

Colorants
Organic antiseptic/desinfectant

Forest Balsam
Mioseptol
Farm Fluid
Oo - cide

Pharmacology (5 decks)

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