Antiseptics and Desinfectants Flashcards
Perhydrol
Direct oxidant (peroxide) (releases molecular oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Reduced microbicidal powder
colorless odorless
Hydrogen peroxide
Direct oxidant (peroxide) (releases molecular oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Bivalent action:
- antiseptic and deodorant activity, strong oxidant effect on oxygen
- mechanical activity, cleanin debris from wouns
Peroxid activity raised on G+, being bactericidal, activity against vegetative forms
Carbamide peroxide
Direct oxidant (peroxide) (releases molecular oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Commercial: Hyperol, Perhydrit, Exterol
Benzoyl Peroxide
Direct oxidant (peroxide) (releases molecular oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Effect on germs that cause pyoderma in dogs(Staphilococcus spp) as well as soborreic sdr
Action: release O in nascent state during its penetration through the skin
Commercial: Acnegel, Lucidol
Sodium Perborate
Direct oxidant (peroxide) (releases molecular oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
At high tª and humidity, increases the r8 of O delivery, wich through decomposition will release its components (Na metaborate and H peroxide)
Commercial: Dexol
Potassium Permanganate
Direct oxidant (peroxide) (releases molecular oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
In contact w organic matter releases O in a nascent state
Good deodorant effect
Antidote for: snake venom, intx w barbiturates, morphine or phosphorus
Low toxicity
Ozone
Direct oxidant (peroxide) (releases molecular oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Desinfectant 4 water (virucidal actv)
Virucidal actv manifested by:
- Oxidation of aa
- Viral structural changes
- distortion of the process of attachment
Chlorine
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Oxidant, antiseptic, deodorant, microbicidal
Side effects. attacks metal objects and textiles
Ca Hypochlorate
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Gray powder, water avid
Na Hypochlorate
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Desinfectant
At low pH will release Chlorine-> chlorinated actv
Halazona
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Increased actv in acidic media
Desinfectant soluble in water al chloroform
Commercials: Aseptamide, Gynamide
Organic derivatives of chloramine
Chloramines
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Less irritanting= long erm antimicrobial actv
Akaline envir-> less f(x)
Bactericidal activity increases in combination w ammonium chloride
Chloramine B
Chloramine
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Drinking water desinfec
Crystalline powder yellow - whitish
Chloramine T
Chloramine
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Breaks down slowly in presence of water
Used in food and water chlorination
Soluble white powder
Diclor- izocianuratul
Chloramine
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
native Cl source in food industry
Effervescent tablets
Iodine
Chloramine
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Practicably insolub in water Broad spectrum antimicrobial Side effects: - Corrosive actv, stains - ggives the smell to meat and milk
Tincture of iodine
Chloramine
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Desinvection of the operative field
Revulsive around the wounds bt not directly on the wounds
Lugol Solution
Chloramine
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Uterine antiseptic and Antihelmintic
Iodized petrol
Chloramine
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
For degrasing skin
Iodized glycerin
Chloramine
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
In pseudomembranouse stomatitis Ointments
Potassium Iodite
Chloramine
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
White odorless salty and bitter soluble in water
Soium Iodide
Chloramine
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Similar to Kiodite, but better tolerated in IV
For actinobacillosis
Iopanoic acid
Iodine used as contrast agents
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Incholeocystography as contrast agents
tablets
Commercial: Colepax
Iopamide
Iodine used as contrast agents
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Incholeocystography as contrast agents
Commercial: Cholospect
Acetriozat and Diatrozat meglumine
Iodine used as contrast agents
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Used in urographies or other radiolog examinations
Commercials:Angiografin, Cysto
Iodophores
Organic derivatives of Iodine
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Bactericidal actv: G+/-, antifungal and viruses
Commercial: Iosal Idol 10
Sptozol
Organic derivatives of Iodine
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Septorom
Organic derivatives of Iodine
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Polividone
Organic derivatives of Iodine
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Bactericidal
commercial: Betadine
Iodoform
Organic derivatives of Iodine
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
The eter solutions
Organic derivatives of Iodine
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Kliochinol
Organic derivatives of Iodine
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Gram - batericidal
Mexaform
Organic derivatives of Iodine
Indirect oxidant (peroxide) (releases atomic oxygen)
Unstable oxidizing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Antibacterioal, antiparasitic and antispasmodic
Formaldehyde
Aldehyde
Unstable reducing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Antimicrobial, antifermentation
Glutaraldehyde
Aldehyde
Unstable reducing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Antifungal, Bacteridical, antiviral
Commercial: Aseptol
Acetic acid
Acid
Stable reducing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Antiphlogistic (antiinfl)
Peracetic acid
Acid
Stable reducing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Desinfectant
side effects:irritating to eyes and mucosa
Trichloroacetic acid
Acid
Stable reducing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Corrosive actv, vesicant and caustic
Sanofi (commercial)
Lactic acid
Acid
Stable reducing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Can be antiseptic, irritating or caustic
Metabolizes glucose, lactose, sucrose by diff bact
Comm: Bayer
Boric acid
Acid
Stable reducing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Antifungal and bactericidal
Comm: Clement
Benzoic acid
Acid
Stable reducing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
antiseptic, antifungal, antipyretic and antiitch
Alkalins
Stable reducing substances
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Parasiticides and bactericidals
In high doses can b irritating
Ex: NaOH, KOH, Na/K carbonite
Detergents
Stable reducing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Na/K salts + fatty acids
Antiseptic, desinfectant, irritating
Ex batodect
Anionic Det
Stable reducing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Act: Penetrates, denatured proteins, produce cytolysis and are bactericidal mostly on G+
Cationic Detergents
Stable reducing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Bactericidal actv in G+, M. tuberculosis and Pseudomonas (weak in G-)
Inconsistent Antimycotic actv
MODE OF ACT:
- Dcrease of surfacev tension, icrease the permeab of cell mb’s
- Bact lysis due tu prot precip and inhib od enzyme systm to which detergent bind by absorption or electrical charge
Examo: cetramicide, clorodine, bromocet, bradophen, Cationorm
Ampholytic Detergents
Stable reducing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Amphoteric
Fungicide, virulicide, antiseptic in infected wounds
Non - ionic detergents
Stable reducing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Polar groups:
- Alcoholic OH
- Ether O atoms
Tween80 (dispersant 4 drugs)
Metal salts
Stable reducing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Mode of action:
- Affects w enzyme stystems equipped w sulfide radicals
- High conc= bactericidal= prot precp
- Low conc= astringect on tissues
- High con= irritating, corrosive and necrotizing
Metallic Mercury
Mercury and deriv
Metal salt
Stable reducing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Corrosive Sublimate
Mercury and deriv
Metal salt
Stable reducing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Fenosept
Mercury and deriv
Metal salt
Stable reducing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Silver Nitrate
Silver and deriv
Metal salt
Stable reducing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Silver proteinate
Silver and deriv
Metal salt
Stable reducing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Colargol
Silver and deriv
Metal salt
Stable reducing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Argirol
Silver and deriv
Metal salt
Stable reducing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Copper sulfate
Cooper and deriv
Metal salt
Stable reducing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
Orally can b antihelmintc
Bismuth deriv
Metal Salt
Stable reducing substance
Ingorganic antiseptic/desinfectant
antitrypanosomiasis tto and antimicrob
Xerophorm
Bismosal
Alcohols
Organic antiseptic/desinfectant
Mode of action: By pptation of prot and partly by fat solubilty
Ethanol, Methanol, Etilenglicol, Propylenglicol
Phenol
Phenols and deriv
Organic antiseptic/desinfectant
Mode of act: antibact by whole molec, also precipt prot
antiparasitcs, antipruritic (by drcreasing nerve sensibility), bacteriostatic or bactericidal (2 - 3%)
Hexachlorophen
Phenols and deriv
Organic antiseptic/desinfectant
Tricresol
Cresols and deriv
Organic antiseptic/desinfectant
Bactericidal, antimicrobial, antiparasitic, effective on viruses
Lizol
Cresols and deriv
Organic antiseptic/desinfectant
Bactericidal, acaricidal and insecticide
Antiseptic in skin and gynecology
Creolin
Cresols and deriv
Organic antiseptic/desinfectant
Antiseptic , acaricidal and insecticide
Lotagen
Cresols and deriv
Organic antiseptic/desinfectant
Antiseptic, desinfectant, hemostatic, antifungal
Racilin
Cresols and deriv
Organic antiseptic/desinfectant
Antiseptic, bacteriostatic, antifungal, necrolytic
Moderhinkeasable
Cresols and deriv
Organic antiseptic/desinfectant
Antiseptic, astringent
Naphtalene deriv
Organic antiseptic/desinfectant
Antiseptic, antiparasitic, insect repellers, keratoplastic
Betanaphthol, Bezonaphthol, Resorcin, Thymol, Guaiacol, Ticol, Duotal, Cresote, Osmatin
Tars
Organic antiseptic/desinfectant
Pine, coal, birch tar and Itchytol
Chlorhexidine hydrochloride
Biguanide and deriv
Organic antiseptic/desinfectant
Antiseptic actv= rupture of the bact cell wall
Against: spores, viruses and fungi (partial), G+/-
Comm: Germostop, Nostril
Chlorometaxylenol and deriv
Organic antiseptic/desinfectant
Bactericidal G+ (strepto and staphy, less affected)
Surgical atisept
Parachloroxylenol and Dichloroxylenols
Acridine derivates
Colorants
Organic antiseptic/desinfectant
Staphilo and stepto
Mode of action: interfering w the aa sequences from the dna
Acriflavine
Colorants
Organic antiseptic/desinfectant
Intese bacteriostatic: pyogenic G+
Hemisulphate proflavine
Colorants
Organic antiseptic/desinfectant
Hydrochloride aminacrine
Colorants
Organic antiseptic/desinfectant
for corneal inj and intraocular inflam
Combinations of A&D
Colorants
Organic antiseptic/desinfectant
Forest Balsam
Mioseptol
Farm Fluid
Oo - cide
