Suicide

Question 1

Suicidal ideation may be ____, where a person wants to die but does not see themselves having agency to do so; or ____, where a person wants to die and sees themselves having significant agency to do so:

Answer 1

Passive, active

Question 2

In what 4 ways might suicidality vary?

Answer 2

In thought; in behaviour; in motivation; in communication

Question 3

____ variation in behaviour refers to how frequent or continuous a pattern of suicidal behaviour is:

Answer 3

Temporal

Question 4

Benefit, romantic suicidal ideation, escape and identification are ways in which a suicidal person might express a variance in:

Answer 4

Motivation - what motivates people to take their lives

Question 5

New Zealand is among the lowest-ranking countries in terms of suicide rates: true or false?

Answer 5

False

Question 6

The prevalence of suicide has fluctuated in NZ throughout the years: true or false?

Answer 6

False

Question 7

Men are more likely to be affected by suicide than woman. True or false?

Answer 7

True

Question 8

Māori are significantly overrepresented in New Zealand’s suicide statistics, compared to Pākehā and other ethnic groups around the world: true or false?

Answer 8

True

Question 9

There has been a decrease in the number of elderly (70+) males committing suicide: true or false?

Answer 9

False

Question 10

Name two of the challenges there are in researching (and thus preventing) suicide:

Answer 10

Statistically not “enough” people committing suicide; depiction of suicide in media; people are afraid to talk about suicide; suicidal people are often excluded from research; blame culture; not possible to ask deceased how they committed suicide.

Question 11

Why is “blame culture” problematic?

Answer 11

It removes a person’s autonomy to commit suicide (as in, it is ultimately the person’s choice to commit suicide - not the person/people helping them.)

Question 12

Name the 3 single-process theories of suicide:

Answer 12

Escape theory, altruistic suicide, cognitive rigidity

Question 13

Name the 2 additional process theories of suicide:

Answer 13

Joiner’s interpersonal theory, Klonsky & May’s 3-step theory

Question 14

Which theory posits that suicide is considered a way to “escape” from the self?

Answer 14

Baumeister’s escape theory

Question 15

Which theory posits that suicide of an individual is beneficial to society?

Answer 15

Durkheim’s altruistic suicide theory (sociological processes)

Question 16

Which theory posits that a person who feels unequipped to help themselves through a negative situation leads to suicidal ideation, intention and behaviour?

Answer 16

Schotte and Clum’s cognitive rigidity

Question 17

Which theory posits that suicidal behaviour is the consequence of a combination of thwarted belonging and perceived burden, leading to active suicidal ideation?

Answer 17

Joiner’s interpersonal theory of suicide

Question 18

Which theory posits that a combination of pain, hopelessness, low social connectedness and capability is required for a suicide attempt?

Answer 18

Klonsky and May’s 3-step theory of suicide

Question 19

According to Klonsky & May’s 3-step theory of suicide, a person must experience either pain or hopelessness to reach active suicidal ideation. True or false?

Answer 19

False - both are required.

Question 20

According to Joiner’s (2005) interpersonal theory of suicide, thwarted belonging or perceived burden alone indicate passive suicidal ideation. True or false?

Answer 20

True

Question 21

According to Schotte & Clum, cognitive rigidity is a determiner of suicidal behaviour.

Answer 21

False - it is probable, but not deterministic.

Question 22

The inability to think divergently or change one’s mindset is known as:

Answer 22

Cognitive rigidity