ADHD Flashcards

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1
Q

How many subtypes are there for ADHD?

A

3

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2
Q

Most children experience predominantly inattentive or hyperactive/impulsive symptoms. True or false?

A

False - most have combined types

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3
Q

Name the 2 behavioural symptoms of ADHD:

A

Hyperactivity; impulsivity

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4
Q

If a child is predominantly inapt at listening to instructions, forgetful, disorganised and finds they often lose important belongings, which subtype of ADHD are they most likely to be diagnosed with?

A

Predominantly inattentive

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5
Q

If a child finds they are unable to stay seated, sit still, and cannot work quietly without blurting out answers, which subtype might they be diagnosed with?

A

Predominantly impulsive and hyperactive

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6
Q

What is the standard diagnostic tool used for ADHD?

A

DSM-5

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7
Q

Which type of psychological disorder is ADHD?

A

Neurodevelopmental

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8
Q

ADHD is typically caused by environmental factors, such as a lack of management from parents. True or false?

A

False - ADHD has a genetic basis

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9
Q

Twin studies have shown that if one twin has ADHD, the other twin is most likely to also have it. True or false?

A

True - due to ADHD having a highly heritable basis

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10
Q

At what age do children previously diagnosed with ADHD typically stop presenting with behavioural difficulties?

A

6

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11
Q

Name the two types of interventions for childhood ADHD:

A

Medication; psychosocial

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12
Q

Stimulants such as methylphenidate or amphetamine (Ritalin) are often used as pharmacological treatments for ADHD. What are two of the side effects of these stimulants that may inhibit its benefits?

A

Suppressed appetite; sleeping problems

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13
Q

Children with ADHD have normally distributed IQs. True or false?

A

True

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14
Q

Symptoms must be present before the child enters school to be diagnosed as ADHD. True or false?

A

False - they must be present before the age of 12, but they can take up to school age to be diagnosed.

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15
Q

Why is ADHD considered to be neurodevelopmental rather than environmental?

A

Because ADHD has a genetic basis + develops at childhood

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16
Q

A low release of which two neurotransmitters is thought to contribute to slower development in children:

A

Serotonin. Dopamine.

17
Q

For ADHD to be diagnosed, symptoms must occur across __ or more settings, be ____ with the developmental level and not be better explained by differential diagnosis: 1/2/4, consistent/inconsistent.

A
  1. Inconsistent.
18
Q

Between the ages of 6-9, in children with ADHD behaviour is usually unstable. True or false?

A

False

19
Q

Why might some symptoms of ADHD no longer be present from childhood to adulthood?

A

Social norms and expectations.

20
Q

Parents should seek help for ADHD when a child’s behaviour is s____, c____, p____, i_____:

A

Severe, chronic, pervasive, interfering (with functioning.)

21
Q

Parent education/training, home-school partnerships and game-based child-focused interventions are examples of what type of intervention?

A

Psychosocial