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A&P Suffolk > Suffolk test 2 > Flashcards

Suffolk test 2 Flashcards

0
Q

What tissue is avascular aka lacks its own blood supply

A

Epithelial

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1
Q

Single or multiple layered sheet of cells. Makes the covering and lining of the body. Protection secretion and avsorption

A

Epithelial tissues

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2
Q

The type of simple squamous that lines the heart, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels

A

Endothelium

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3
Q

The type of epithelial layer of serous membranes such as pericardium, pluera, and peritoneum

A

Mesothelium

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4
Q

This epithelial tissue derives from the embryonic mesoderm

A

Endothelium
Mesothelium
Simple squamous

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5
Q

Allows passage of materials by diffusion and filtration. Found in the lining of hear. Air sacs in lungs. Blood vessels and lymphatic system

A

Simple squamous

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6
Q

Epithelial tissues found in thyroid gland and kidney tubules

A

Simple cuboidal

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7
Q

Epithelial tissues that line digestive tract. Gallbladder. Protects stomach lining from acids. Function is secreting mucus.

A

Non ciliated columnar epithelium

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8
Q

Goblet cells are found and for what purpose

A

Simple columnar

Produces mucous for lubrication

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9
Q

Epithelial tissues found in

Respiratory system and uterine tubes.

A

Ciliated simple columnar

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10
Q

Epithelial tissue found in respiratory system, trachea, male urethra and epididymis . Nuclei seen at different levels.

A

Ciliated pseudo stratified columnar

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11
Q

Keratinized tissue found in superficial layers of skin

A

Stratified squamous

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12
Q

Nonkeratinized tissue found in mout and esophagus . Major function is protection

A

Stratified squamous

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13
Q

This tissue is found in the lining of the vagina

A

Stratified squamous

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14
Q

Rare type of epithelial tissue
Function is protection
Only found in sweat gland ducts and urethra

A

Stratified cuboidal

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15
Q

Uncommon epithelial tissue
Multayered
Found in very large ducts and part of the male urethra

A

Stratified columnar

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16
Q

Epithelial tissue
Found only in the urinary system
Allows for expansion of urinary organs

A

Transitional

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17
Q

Connective tissue cells:

Secretes fibers and components of ground substance

A

Fibroblasts

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18
Q

Connective tissue cells:

Store triglycerides

A

Adipocytes

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19
Q

Connective tissue cells:

Produces histamine

A

Mast cells

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20
Q

Connective tissue cells:
Immune response
Neutrophil and eosinophils

A

White blood cells

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21
Q

Connective tissue cells:
Engulf bacteria and cellular debris
By phagocytosis

A

Macrophages

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22
Q

Connective tissue cells:

Secretes antibodies

A

Plasma cells

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23
Q

Between cells and fibers

Fluid like and functions to support cells, store water, and allow exchange between blood and cells

A

Ground substance

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24
Q

Name three types of connective tissue fibers

A

Collagen
Reticular
Elastic

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25
Q

Tissue fibers:
Tough, resistant to pull
25% of bodies protein

A

Collagen

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26
Q

Tissue fibers:
Formed from protein elastin and glyco protein
Lungs blood vessels ear cartilage

A

Elastic

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27
Q

Tissue fibers:
Form a framework of organs
Spleen and lymph nodes

A

Reticular

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28
Q

Classification of tissues:

Found in umbilical chord

A

Mucous

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29
Q

Loose connective tissue

A

Areolar
Adipose
Reticular

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30
Q

Tissue most widely distributed in the body

A

Areolar

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31
Q

Tissue that contains adipocytes
Insulation
Reserves food stores
Found under under skin local fat deposits. Abdomen and breasts

A

Adipose

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32
Q

Loose connective tissue found in liver, spleen , lymph nodes. Lies in a fiber network. Holds organs together

A

Reticular

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33
Q

Three types of dense connective tissue

A

Dense regular
Dense irregular
Elastic tissue

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34
Q

Tissue found in tendons and has fibroblasts. Found in ligaments

A

Dense regular

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35
Q

Tissue found in dermis of skin and heart and has fibroblasts. Irregularly shaped

A

Dense irregular

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36
Q

Tissue that can stretch found in lung tissues an arteries , vocal chords

A

Name three cartilage tissues

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37
Q

Hyaline
Fibrocartilage
Elastic cartilage

A

A dense network of collagen fibers and elastic fibers firmly embedded I’m chondroitin sulfate

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38
Q

A dense network of collagen fibers and elastic fibers firmly embedded I’m chondroitin sulfate

A

Cartilage

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39
Q

Cartilage cells found in the spaces called the lacunae

A

Chondrocytes

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40
Q

Coverage of dense irregular connective tissue that surrounds cartilage. Two layers

A

Pericondrium

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41
Q

No blood vessels or nerves except. Pericondrium.

A

.

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42
Q

Most abundant cartilage in the body

A

Hyaline

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43
Q

This cartilage acts as a cushion
Found in embryonic skeleton
Nose trachea and larynx

A

Hyaline

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44
Q

In hyaline cartilage Chondrocytes sit in spaces called

A

Lacunae

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45
Q

Hyaline cartilage repairs very slow due to

A

No blood vessels or nerves

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46
Q

Similar to hyaline cartilage but with more elastic fibers

A

Elastic cartilage

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47
Q

This cartilage maintains shape and structure while allowing flexibility
Support external ear
Nose
Vocal cartilages

A

Elastic cartilage

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48
Q

This cartilage provides tensile strength and absorbs compression shock. Found in inverterbral discs, pubic symphysis , discs of knee joint

A

Fibrocartilage

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49
Q

Cartilage grows slowly

Repairs are slow due to the fact they are

A

Avascular

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50
Q

Two patterns of cartilage growth

A

Interstitial growth

Appositional growth

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51
Q

Growth from within cartilage tissue occurs in adolescence

A

Interstitial growth

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52
Q

Growth at the outer surface of the tissue

A

Appositional growth

53
Q

Ossetia tissue containing periosteum and endosteum

54
Q

Found in the lacunae of bone inbetween lamellar

A

Osteocytes

55
Q

Site of hematopoiesis

A

Bone marrow

56
Q

Tiny canals in bone that connects cell to cell

A

Canaliculi

57
Q

Name functions of blood

A

Immunity
Clotting
Transport gases

58
Q

Membrane that lines a body cavity that opens directly to exterior .

A

Mucous membrane

59
Q

Membrane that lines the body cavity that does not open directly to exterior

A

Serous membrane

60
Q

Tissue that cannot divide or be replaced

A

Muscle and nervous tissue

61
Q

Young tissue heals

62
Q

Enzyme that untwist the double helix

63
Q

The replisome uses what to begin DNA synthesis

A

RNA primers

64
Q

What synthesizes the nucleotides

A

DNA polymerase III

65
Q

Translation happens in the

66
Q

Translation the making of proteins

A

DNA
Pre MRNA
MRNA

67
Q

Transcription happens in the

68
Q

Transcription of RNA is catalyzed by

A

RNA Polymerase

69
Q

Can shut down gene expression by blocking the action of MRNA

70
Q

Carries the genetic information from DNA in the nucleus to ribosomes in the cytoplasm

A

Messenger RNA

71
Q

Bound to amino acids base pair with the codons of MRNA at the ribosome to begin process of protein synthesis

A

Transfer RNA

72
Q

Triplet code for Transfer RNA

73
Q

Structural component of ribosomes

A

Ribosomal RNA

74
Q

DNA to MRNA

TAC CGG TAG

A

AUG GCC AUC

75
Q

MRNA to TRNA

AUG CCA UCG CUA

A

UAC GGU AGC GAU

76
Q

Each triplet code specifies coding for an

A

Amino acid

77
Q

Instructions for protein synthesis is found in the

A

DNA in the nucleus

78
Q

The process of reading the MRNA nucleotide sequence to determine the amino acid sequence of the protein

A

Translation

79
Q

Initiates or starts proteins

A

Methionine

80
Q

Catabolic

81
Q

Anabolic

82
Q

How much ATP do you get from one glucose molecule

83
Q

Oxidation means

A

Removal of electrons

84
Q

Dehydrogenation

A

Removal of hydrogen

85
Q

Glucose catabolism order

A

Glycolosys

86
Q

The breakdown of glucose to pyruvic acid is

A

Glycolysis

87
Q

Glycolysis yields an immediate net gain of

88
Q

The only immediate energy benefit from one turn of the Krebs cycle is the formation of a single molecule of

89
Q

The process that produces over 90% of the ATP uses by our cells is

A

Oxidative phosphorylation

90
Q

Oxidative phosphorylation takes place in the

A

Electron transport chain

91
Q

The last electron in the electron transport chain is

A

Cytochrome A3

92
Q

The last electron acceptor in the electron transport chain is

93
Q

The first step in the electron transfer chain is the transfer of electrons of NADH + H+ is

94
Q

Heme groups transfer

95
Q

If 20 glucose molecules start glycolysis , how many pyruvic acids are formed in the end result

96
Q

The lagging strand of DNA must be replicated in short pieces . These segments are called

A

OKasake fragments

97
Q

The enzyme which connects the short segments in the lagging strand is called

98
Q

Endothelium as in capillaries as well as mesothelium lining serous membranes

A

Simple squamous

99
Q

Immature bone cell

100
Q

Immature cartilage cell

A

Chondroblast

101
Q

Mature bone cell

102
Q

Mature cartilage cell

A

Controcyte

103
Q

Compact bone contains rings called

104
Q

Bone cells are called

A

Osteocytes

105
Q

Haversion system

106
Q

Is spongy bone arranges in osteons

107
Q

Spongy bone consists of plate like bone called

A

Tribeculae

108
Q

Muscle tissue attached to bone

109
Q

Muscle tissue attached to wall of heart

110
Q

Muscle tissue with spindle shaped cells with ends tapering to points

111
Q

Muscle tissue containing intercalated discs

112
Q

Muscle tissue found in the walls of intestine iron arty bladder and blood vessels

113
Q

Voluntary muscle tissue

114
Q

This tissue conducts impulses

A

Nervous tissue

115
Q

The outer layer of epithelial skin is called

A

Epidermis stratified squamous

116
Q

The inner connective tissue of the skin is called

117
Q

This pigment gives skin color

118
Q

The protein helps to waterproof skin

119
Q

Known as the stratum germinativum bc new cells are produced by mitosis

120
Q

Stratum immediately superficial to the stratum basale “prickly spines” help attach cells to adjacent cells

121
Q

Cells begin to die In this stratum they contain keratoyhyaline and granules

A

Granulosum

122
Q

A clear thin layer normally only found in thick layers of palms and soles

123
Q

Uppermost layer consist of 25-30 rows of flat dead cells full of keratin

124
Q

The outer region of the dermis is called

125
Q

Present in finger like projections known as dermal

126
Q

The inner region of dermis is called the

A

Reticular region

127
Q

The reticular region of the inner dermis is what type of tissue

128
Q

Skin is strengthened by

A

Elastic fibers

129
Q

Epidermal ridges on palms and fingers soles and toes form the basis of

A

Fingerprints and footprints

130
Q

List three types of accessory structures of skin

A

Hair glands nails

A&P Suffolk (6 decks)

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