Such - Family & Beliefs

Question 1

THEORYS ON FAMILY: Functionalist

Answer 1

-primary socialisation
-social institutions that make up society (economy education FAMILY religion) all perform a useful purpose

Question 2

Talcot Parsons

Answer 2

-pro nuclear family, men have instrumental role= breadwinner, providing financial support // women have expressive role= meeting the families emotional needs, primary socialisation
-argues that this division of labour is based on biological differences with women naturally suited towards the nurturing role

Question 3

Elizabeth Bott 1957

Answer 3

-seperate conjugal roles= where couples have seperate roles eg breadwinner, female carer
-joint conjugal roles=where couples share tasks such as housework and childcare

Question 4

willmot and young

Answer 4

-see family life as gradually improving for all its members (march of progress)
-symertical family- roles of husband and wives are now much more similar

Question 5

THEORY ON FAMILY: post modernist

Answer 5

• believe we should look at family as a fluid and changing concept

Question 6

THEORY ON FAMILY: New right

Answer 6

-advocates a return to traditional family values influenced by morality
-encourage nuclear family and pro marriage
- Charles murray- against benefits for single mothers

Question 7

THEORY ON FAMILY: feminist + radical feminist

Answer 7

-females should be equal to males in family

Question 8

THEORY ON FAMILY:marxist

Answer 8

as institution to advance capitalism and maintain its need
-by proving free labour (house wives), keeping workers fed and clothed
-wives service worker, produce and socialise new workers producing more surplus value for the economy

Question 9

Eli Zaretskiy 1976

Answer 9

-families maintain capitalism through the socialisation of their children, children are socialised into ruling class ideological beliefs such as blind obedience, respect for authority and acceptance of hierarchy
- family essential for false consciousness by providing an escape from oppression + exploitation at work
-family played a role of consumer

Question 10

Murdocks function of family 4 points

Answer 10

-economic
-sexual regulation
-education
-reproduction = procreation

Question 11

Feminism on the family

Answer 11

• DUAL BURDEN= the workload of people who work to earn money but are also responsible for significant amounts of unpaid domestic labour
  -TRIPLE SHIFT= occurs when women take on paid + unpaid work but also emotional work within families
  -DELPY AND LEONARD 1992= outline that the family is based on hierarchal and exploitative relations
  -2021 office of national statistics laundry and ironing in the homes was worth 97 billion

Question 12

Oakley

Answer 12

-rejects march of progress
-men and women remain unequal within the family and woman do most of the housework
-office for national statistics= women spend 3 hours a day on housework compared to men who only do 1

Question 13

impact of paid work= how might women going into work impact the family and household

Answer 13

positive= idol towards young girls, combats traditional gender stereotypes
-negative= less domestic labour in the house, absent from the home
- MAN YEE KAN 2001= for every £10,000 there is a two hour reduction in housework + educated women tend to do less housework than women who left school at 16

Question 14

Domestic Violence

Answer 14

-1 in 4 women will experience domestic abuse In her lifetime
-yearnshire 1997= on average a women suffers 35 assaults before making a report
-radical feminist= domestic violence due to male aggression and dominance due to biological differences
- Wilkinson 1996= worries about money jobs and housing may spill over into domestic conflict as tempers become frayed

Question 15

childhood (thinkers and info)

Answer 15

-benedict (1934) found that children in non western cultures have more responsibilities EG Punch (2001) children in rural Bolivia once they turn 5 are expected too take on work in the home and community, done without hesitation
- childhood is seen as the golden age of happiness and innocence
-childhood is not universal as it varies from culture to culture and is therefore seen more as a social construct

Question 16

childhood (thinkers and info p2)

Answer 16

-postman 1994= thinks that children is dissapearing at a dazzling speed, disappearance of children’s traditional unsupervised games
-potsman 1994= print culture +television culture, children can access more adult things, adult authority weekended
-jenks 2005= childhood is not disappearing but changing, modern society prepares children to be a productive adult, education system imposing conformity and discipline

Question 17

has childhood improved

Answer 17

-YES, March of progress view, DeMause 1974= history of childhood is a nightmare which we have only recently begun to awaken, further bACK IN history the lower level of childcare, more likely to be killed beaten sexually assulted
- NO, Toxic childhood, Palmer 2010= rapid technological and cultural changes In the last 25 years have damaged children’s physical, emotional and intellectual development

Question 18

socail policy brought in by the coalition gov 2010-15

Answer 18

-forced marriage made illegal
-same sex couples marriage act, they can get married
-marriage tax allowance

Question 19

socail policy brought in by new labour 1997-2010

Answer 19

-heterosexual couples were the. best environment for children to be brought up in
-maternity and paternity benefits, paternity leave for fathers
-HRA 1998