PAPER 2 FAMILY V2 Flashcards
1
Q
what can family be described as
A
- group of people related by kinship
-EG blood or marriage
2
Q
functionalist perspective on family
A
- they see the family (nuclear family) as beneficial to society
- providing a source of practical and emotional support for individuals
3
Q
what did tallcott parsons say about family
A
- nuclear family helps to maintain a stable society through sexual division of labour
- this division of labour is based on biological differences
4
Q
what role did the male play
A
- instrumental role= breadwinner (providing financial support)
5
Q
what role did women play
A
- expressive role= meeting family the families emotional needs
- stress caused by the mans instrumental role is countered by that of the woman expressive role
6
Q
Murdocks function of family: 4 points
A
- Economic
-sexual function
-education
-reproduction
7
Q
sexual function
A
- the nuclear family regulates sexual behaviour,
-promoting stable relationships
8
Q
reproductive function n
A
- nuclear family ensures the reproduction of humans
-allowing for the continuation of society
9
Q
economic function
A
- the nuclear family provides economic support
- with a division of labour between parents
10
Q
educational function
A
- nuclear family transmits the norms and values of society to children
- through primary socialisation
11
Q
benefits of functionalist perspective
A
- parsons argues that the nuclear family fits contemporary industrial societies better than extended families
- as they are a more mobile workforce
12
Q
criticisms of functionalism
A
- functionalists assume families are happy institutions
- but they ignore the reality of domestic abuse
- it can also be seen to be outdated with both partners likley playing the intrymental role
13
Q
statstic on domestic abuse from crime survey for eng and Wales
A
- estimated 2.4 million people experienced domestic violence in 2024
14
Q
NEW RIGGHT PERSPECTIVE
A
Generally similar to func/ conservative perspective
15
Q
what do the new right see as the ideal family and parenting
A
- support traditional family values
- and traditional heterosexual nuclear family
16
Q
why does the new right prefer traditional family values and nuclear families
A
- creates stability
17
Q
what do the new right believe is the best way to bring up children
A
- within a family made up of two natural parents
18
Q
what does the new right oppose
A
- changes to the law that would make divorce easier
-oppse lone parenthood and births outside of familiess
19
Q
what is the consequence of family diversity according the NR
A
- family diversity causes social problems such as higher crime rates
20
Q
what was Charles Murray against
A
- against benefits for single mothers as it undermines personal responsibly and created a dependancy culture
21
Q
why was he also against the welfare state
A
- as the welfare state encouraged higher levels of single parenthood
22
Q
back to basics campaing 1998
A
- encourages a return to traditional family values
23
Q
why was the back to basics camp gain 1998 criticised
A
- MPs were found to be hypocrites are they were having divorces and affairs
24
Q
criticisms of the new right Ronald fletcher 1966
A
-Ronald Fletcher 1966: believes divorce is a positive Trend because it suggests that people have higher expectations of marriage
25
MARXIST PERSPECITIVE
- see the family as serving the needs of a capitalist society
- by reproducing and maintaining a workforce to support capitalism
26
what's the link between inequality and family according to Engles
- family reproduces inequality and the transmission of wealth between generations (inheritance)
- keeping the wealth in the hands of the elite
27
Eli Zaretssky views on family
- claims family provides an escape route and haven from oppression at the work place
-as they can be the boss at home
28
what did zaretsky say about the family providing certain functions for capitalism such as ideological control
- proletariat childen are socialised to accept norms and values that uphold capitalism
- EG respect authority and accept hierarchy, inequality is normal)
29
zaretsky on the family being a unit of consumption
- families are encouraged to purchase the latest products to show off their high status to peers
- people are influenced to compete with each other through consumption + children pester power, maintaining capitalism through consumption
30
Louis Althusser on family
- nuclear family is an imbalanced structure that teaches its members to accept imbalances of power in wider society
- EG husbands taught to obey their employees
- wives submit to husbands
-children taught to obey parents
31
criticisms of marxist: Engles
- it is outdated that people rarely marry just to pass on wealth to their children
32
criticism of marxism
- marxist paints a very negative view of family life (sole purpose is to produce workers)
- whereas family can be harmonious and fulfilling
33
feminist perspective
- feminism emphasis the patriachal nature of the family and the harmful effects it has on women's power and careers
34
liberal feminism
- believe the best way to undo the adverse effects to woman's careers I by reform measures
- EG by implementing laws to establish equal pay EG 1975 equal pay act)
- preventing sex discrimination (1991 rape within marriage illegal)
35
radical feminism
-see the family as patriarchal institution reproducing the inequality of women and benefitting men
36
statistic of domestic labour
- men are seen to benefit from women's unpaid domestic labour
- 2012 office for national statistics estimated that laundry and ironing in the home was worth 97 bill
37
marxist feminist
-women are doubly oppressed by capitalism and patriarchy
-
38
how do marxist feminists believe woman are doubly oppressed
- women serve the needs for capitalism by reproducing the workforce
- and unpaid domestic labour which maintains the workforce
39
Delphy and leonard
- family acts as a saftey valve
-women provide sanctuary for male workers through their emotional expressive work ( helping prevent frustration)
40
criticism of feminism
- most women are in employment today than ever before
- 1950= 50% 2024 70%
41
POSTMODERN perspective
- disagree with the premise that society is orderly and predictable
42
what do postmodernists believe society is
rapidly changing
-therefore people are rejecting notions of a traditional family
43
individualism as a main feature of postmodern society
- this is made evident by growing diversity of households and decline in traditional family
44
examples of decline in tradition
- people no longer feel tied to traditional ideas therefore:
- rising divorce rates
- multiple partners
-gay couples
- births outside out marriages rising
