PAPER 1 EDUCATION V2 Flashcards
1
Q
Functionalism, Durkheim 1903:
A
-identified two main functions of education,
- social solidarity
- special skills
2
Q
what is special skills
A
- modern economies have complex divisions of Labour which needs specialist skills
- Thus success of society depends on each individual having knowledge and skills
- EG education teaching IT + numeracy
3
Q
what is social solidarity
A
- individuals must feel part of a community in society
- education does this by transmitting beliefs and values from one generation to the next
- this is done by introducing British values into schools EG assembly
4
Q
FUNCTIONALISM: Tallcot Parsons 1961
A
- Meritocracy
- Particularistic values + Universalistic values ( school acts as a bridge between family and wider society)
5
Q
what is meritocracy
A
- individuals are chosen for jobs based on their merits
-school prepares us for the wider society as they are both underpinned by meritcratic principles
6
Q
what is particularistic values
A
- family transmits particularistic values
- children’s values are ascribed
7
Q
what are universalistic values
A
- school/society transmit universalistic values
- status is achieved
8
Q
FUNCTIONALISM: Davis and Moore 1945
A
Role Allocation
9
Q
what is role allocation
A
- School performs the function of selecting and allocating pupils to their future role (sifts and sorts)
- social inequality is necessary since the primary job roles in society need to be filled by the most talented
10
Q
Criticisms of functionalism
A
- feminists criticise tailcott parsons since they believe gender plays a role in job selection
- thus meritocracy is a myth as not everyone is given an equal opportunity
11
Q
ROLE OF EDUCATION MARXIST: Louis Althusser 1970
A
- Reproduction of an obedient workforce
12
Q
how does Louis Althusser claim education reproduces an obedient workforce
A
- school acts as an ideological state apparatus
- which use beliefs and ideas as a means of control
- EG through the hidden curriculum ( emphasis on obedience in classrooms can prepare students for a lifetime of conformity and submissiveness in the workforce)
13
Q
MARXISM: Bowels and Gintis 1976
A
- education system in capitalist societies serves to reproduce and reinforce class inequalities
14
Q
How does education reinforce class inequalities according to B + G
A
- schools mirror the structure and values of a capitalist workplace EG emphasising hierarchy discipline and obedience
- Hidden curriculum which are norms and values indirectly taught (emphasis on obedience and conformity prepare students to be compliant workers)
15
Q
liberal feminists
A
- state there has been gradual improvement in girls experience of education and girls achievement
- girls outperform boys at gcses
2022 72% girls got grade 4 above in gcses comapred to 65% boys
- girls outperform boys at gcses
15
Q
radical feminists
A
- believe one of the main roles of education is to maintain gender equality
- this is done through gendered roles EG textbooks present traditional gendered roles (woman as house wives)
16
Q
new right
A
- schools should be centred around competition and choice
-mainly done through marketisation
