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Biology > Succession and conservation > Flashcards

Succession and conservation Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

defintion of biosphere

A

The part if the planet earthh where life occurrs

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2
Q

Definition of ecosystem

A

A reasonably self contained area together with all its living organisms

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3
Q

Definition of habitat

A

The physical or abiotic part of an ecosystem

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4
Q

Definition of microhabitat

A

A localised specific habitat within a larger habitat

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5
Q

Definition of terrestrial

A

An ecosystem on dry land

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6
Q

Definition of aquatic

A

An ecosystem in water

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7
Q

Definition of community

A

The living or biotic part of an ecosystem

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8
Q

Definition of biotic

A

Any living or biological factor

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9
Q

Defintion of abiotic

A

Any non living or physical factor

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10
Q

Definition of population

A

The members of the same species living in one habitat

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11
Q

Definition of species

A

A group of organisms that can sucessfully interbreed

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12
Q

Examples of abiotic factors

A

Climatic factors : temperature, humidity
Soil factors : PH, mineral supply
Human factors : pollution
Topographic factors: altitude, slope, aspect

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13
Q

Definition of density-independent factors

A

The size of the effect is independent to the size of the population

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14
Q

What is INTERspecific competition

A

Competition for resources where one species will out compete another one

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15
Q

What is INTRAspecific competition

A

Competition for resources between members of the same species

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16
Q

Why is intraspecific competition more significant than interspecific?

A

Members of the same species have the same niche and so compete for the same resources. It has a stabilising effect on populations

17
Q

What relationship do parasites and their hosts have?

A

Symbioitic

18
Q

What does an organisms ‘niche’ mean?

A

The abiotic and biotic factors that the organism needs in its habitat

19
Q

What is the competitive exclusion principle ?

A

Two species cannot coexist in the same habitat if they have the same niche, they will compete and one species will win the competition.

20
Q

What is a specialist?

A

Species with a narrow niche.

21
Q

Why can many specialists exist in the same habitat?

A

They are not competing.

22
Q

Where are specialists usually found?

A

Abundant, stable habitats

23
Q

What is sucession?

A

Ecosystems are not fixed, but constantly change with time

24
Q

What is the climax community

A

Species colonise a habitat in predictable order until a stable order is reached.

25
Q

What is the pioneer species?

A

The organisms colonising in early sucession

26
Q

What is a sere

A

The whole succession

27
Q

What does primary sucession start with?

A

Rock or sand, an inorganic base

28
Q

What does secondary succession start with?

A

Soil, but no organisms present

29
Q

What is a xerosere?

A

Succession where there is no water

30
Q

What is a lithosere?

A

Primary succession from bare rock.

31
Q

What is a plagioclimax?

A

Deflected succession, caused by human intervention such as deforestation or clearing land for farming.

32
Q

What is conservation?

A

Management of our environment to maintain biodioversity

33
Q

What does conservation involve?

A

Active intervention to manage sucession and maintain a wide variety of different plagioclimaxes.

34
Q

What is the capture-mark recapture technique?

A

Estimates population size by capturing a sample of animals, counting them and marking them, releasing them, capture second sample, count number of marked and non marked

35
Q

What conditions need to be met for capture, recapture formula to be correct?

A

Marking not affecting survival.
Marked animals must have time to randomly mix with population
Population must stay constant between first and second sampling.

Biology (25 decks)

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