Substance Use & Misuse Flashcards
What is substance abuse?
the misuse of alcohol or other drugs to a degree that causes problems in the individual’s life
What are the four groups of adolescents regarding drug usage?
- frequent drug users
- hard-drug users
- experimenters
- ppl who abstain
Which of the 4 groups score higher on measures of psychological adjustment?
- experimenters
- abstainers
How many criteria of the 11 of the DSM-5 need to be fulfill?
2 out of the 11
What is the term for co-occurring as when an individual has more than one problem at the same time?
comorbid
What is problem behavior syndrome?
the covariation among various types of externalizing disorders is believed to result to result from an underlying trait of unconventionality
What kind of traits do unconventional individuals show?
- tolerance of deviance
- not connected to school/ religious institutions
- highly liberal views
When do cascading effects happen?
when on sort of problem causes another, which triggers a third
What is social control theory?
a theory of delinquency that links deviance with the absence of bonds to society’s main intitutions
What are 4 things that young people who abuse subtances are more likely to do?
- experience school problems
- suffer from psychological distress and depression
- become involved in dangerous or deviant actitives
- engage in unprotected sexual activity
What are the 4 risk factors for substance abuse?
- psychological
- familial
- social
- contextual
What is a psychological risk factor?
-certain personality characteristics, including anger, impulsivity, inattentiveness, sensation seeking
What is a familial risk factors?
distant, hostile, or conflicted relationships
What is a social risk factor?
friends who use and tolerate the use of drugs
What is a contextual risk factors?
Availability of drugs, community’s norms, the degree to which laws are enforced, the ways drug use is presented in media
