Depression Flashcards
What are externalizing disorders?
psychosocial problems are manifested in a turning of the symptoms outward, as in aggression or delinquency
What are psychosocial problems that are manifested in a turning of the symptoms inward, as in depression or anxiety?
internalizing disorders
what is comorbid?
co-occurring, as when an individual has more than one problem at the same time
What is the most significant internalizing problem that has its onset in adolescence?
depression
When does severe anxiety usually make their first appearance?
childhood
What is depression categorized by?
- low-self esteem
- decreased motivation
- sadness
- difficulty in finding pleasure in formerly pleasurable activities
What is a depressed mood?
feeling sad
What is having depressive syndromes?
- having multiple symptoms of depression
What is depressive disorder?
having enough symptoms to be diagnosed with the illness
When does prevalence of depressive feelings increase?
around the time of puberty
When are teens at the highest risk of depression?
middle adolescence
Who is more likely to exhibit depressive symptoms before adolescence?
boys
After puberty who experiences depression more?
girls
Why do girls experience depressive symptoms after puberty?
-gender roles
- poor body image
What is oxytocin?
a hormone is known to influence emotional bonding to others
Who has higher oxytocin levels and what does it to them?
girls and it causes them to be more sensitive to relationships
What is the diathesis-stress model of depression?
a perspective on depression that posits that problems are the result of an interaction between a preexisting condition (the diathesis) and exposure to a stressful event or condition
What are some causes of the diathesis?
- may be biological in origin
- due to an activity in the brain and nervous system
- may be caused by cognitive style
What are three examples of the stress in the model?
- having high conflict & low cohesion family
- being unpopular
- reporting more chronic and acute stressors
What is primary control strategies?
-coping strategies in which an individual attempts to change the stressor
What is secondary control strategies?
coping strategies that involve attempts by the individual to adapt to the stressor
