Substance Misuse Flashcards
Electronic cigarettes or vaping
Advertised as safer than traditional cigarettes but researchers actually know little about the health risks of using these devices.
Addiction
A chronic, relapsing disorder characterized by compulsive drug seeking and use despite adverse consequences. It is considered a brain disorder, because it involved functional changes. It interfered with everyday life.
Risk Factors for addiction
Include aggressive childhood behavior, lack of parental supervision, poor social skills,drug experimentation, availability of drugs at school, and community poverty. Protective factors include good self-control, parental monitoring and support, positive relationship, good grades, school anti drug policies, neighborhood resources.
According to the CDC using marijuana at an early age can lead to….
Negative health consequences such as damage to memory, learning, and attention. Marijuana during pregnancy may harm the baby. It has been linked to anxiety, depression, and schizophrenia. Smoking any product can damage lungs and cardiovascular system.
Tolerance
Is using increasing amounts of substance over time to achieve the same effect and markedly diminished effect occurs with continued use.
Withdrawal develops
When a substance is discontinued abruptly after frequent, heavy, or prolonged use.
Symptoms of withdrawal
Include anxiety, irritability, restlessness, insomnia, fatigue. The symptoms differ and are specific to each substance (tobacco, cocaine)
Alcohol
Blood alcohol in Ky of 0.08 is intoxication
Factors associated with college drinking are…
Impulsive behavior, depression, family history, and prior drinking history
individual who are generally predisposes to alcoholism are….
At a higher risk of developing an alcohol use disorder
Nursing care for alcohol intoxication
- No antidote for alcohol is available
- supportive care measures-the ABCs
- Monitor vital signs and level of consciousness frequently
Nursing care for alcohol withdrawal syndrome
- when abrupt ingestion is stopped
- onset varied with drinking pattern
- symptoms within 4-6 hours after last drink
- May last up to 14 days
Nursing care for alcohol withdrawal delirium
- serious complication
- onset 30-120 hours after last drink
- can be fatal
- can be prevented or controlled with benzodiazepine administration
Stimulants
Make people more alert, increase attention, and raise blood pressure, heart rate, and breathing.
Stimulants come in a variety of forms, including…
-Amphetamines/ methamphetamines- skin sores seen due to imagined insects
Crawling on skin, meth mouth due to dry mouth and teeth grinding
-cocaine
-caffeine
-nicotine
