Substance DSMV Flashcards
Opioids can be detected through a urine drug test for this many hours after administration of the opioid
12-36 hours
This type of liver disease may occur in up to 90% of persons who inject opioids
hepatitis C
HIV, hepatitis, tuberculosis, and this cardiac related condition are serious medical problems for IV opiate users
bacterial endocarditis
This physical sign of opiate withdrawal is also “seen” in hallucinogen intoxication and stimulant intoxication
pupil dilation
Opioid intoxication may be diagnosed by administering this opioid antagonist challenge
naloxone (narcan)
These two symptoms are associated with more severe opiate withdrawal and are often not seen in routine clinical practice
piloerection & fever
Suboxone is a combination of these two medications
naloxone (narcan) & buprenorphine
What are the signs of opiate withdrawal?
Withdrawal: dysphoria, N/V, muscle aches, lacrimation/ rhinorrhea, pupil dilation, piloerection, fever, sweating
What are the signs of opioid intoxication?
pupil constriction, drowsiness/ coma, impaired attention or memory, slurred speech
Signs of opioid intoxication are pupil constriction, drowsiness/coma, impaired attention or memory,
and this
slurred speech
This can differentiate PCP intoxication & stimulant intoxication from each other
A urine drug test
The clinical picture is similar though rotary nystagmus may be seen in PCP intoxication but not stimulant intoxication
Cocaine users often use sedative substances–most often this substance–to reduce insomnia, nervousness, and other unpleasant side effects
Alcohol
Amphetamine type stimulant users often use sedative substances–most often this substance–to reduce insomnia, nervousness, and other unpleasant side effects
marijuana
This sign is often present and is a reliable measure of stimulant withdrawal
bradycardia
Bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, other substance use disorders, and this personality disorder in particular are risk factors for stimulant use disorder
antisocial personality disorder
This type of sample can be used to detect use of a stimulant up to
90 days after the use
A hair sample
These two forms of cocaine administration have the most rapid onset of action
inhalation and injection
A speedball is the combination of cocaine and this drug
heroin
Cocaine increases the levels of glutamate and this neurotransmitter
dopamine
In terms of operant conditioning, the alcohol induced buzz/high is this; also tolerance results in the
lack of this
positive reinforcement
In terms of operant conditioning, consuming alcohol to stave off alcohol withdrawal symptoms results in this
negative reinforcement
Most substance induced disorders resolve within this amount of time after the cessation of acute withdrawal, the cessation of severe intoxication, or the use of the substance
1 month
Most improve within days to weeks of abstinence
The prevalence of alcohol use disorder in this sex is twice as much as the other
males
Males ~12%, Females ~5%
For an individual who has a close relative (parent) with an alcohol use disorder, their risk is this many times higher than normal
3-4 times
Alcohol metabolizing enzyme genetic polymorphisms result in flushing, palpitations, & possibly more severe reactions in individuals of this race when they consume alcohol
Asians
Japanese, Chinese, and Koreans are at lower risk for Alcohol Use Disorders
Elevations in these two lab test results are sensitive indicators of ongoing heavy drinking and can be used to monitor abstinence
gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT)
While elevation of GGT, CDT, and this test indicates a history of heavy drinking, GGT & CDT test may also be useful in detecting a relapse
to heavy drinking, but
this test is not
mean corpuscular volume (MCV)
Not useful for monitoring due to long half life of RBC’s
The patients with bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, & this personality disorder have a markedly high rate of co-morbid alcohol use disorder
Antisocial Personality Disorder
Substance use disorder pts, especially those with severe disorder, have an underlying change in this which persists even beyond detoxification
brain circuitry
Continued substance use despite persistent or recurring interpersonal problems is referred to as this:
social impairment
A desire to cut down or unsuccessful attempts decrease or stop use refers to this Criterion A
impaired control
Pharmacological criteria refers to “putting up” with these two phenomenon
tolerance & withdrawal
Taking the substance in larger amounts or over a longer time period than intended refers to this Criterion A
impaired control
Use in physically hazardous situations or continued use despite knowledge the substance is causing or worsening a medical problem is called this
risky use
Spending a great deal of time obtaining, using, or recovering from the substance use refers to this Criterion A
impaired control
Failure to fulfill major obligations at work, home, or school refers to this Criterion A
social impairment
Craving refers to this Criterion A
impaired control
Caffeine intoxication may induce a sleep disorder or this type of substance induced disorder
anxiety
Marijuana intoxication may induce anxiety disorders, sleep disorders, and this type of substance induced disorder
Psychotic disorder
The hallucinogen phencyclidine
may induce psychotic disorders, anxiety disorders, delirium, & this type of substance induced disorders
mood disorders
both bipolar & depressive
Opioid intoxication may induce sleep disorders, sexual dysfunction, delirium, & this type of substance induced disorder
depressive disorders
Opioid intoxication will not, but opioid withdrawal may induce this type of substance disorder
anxiety
Alcohol & sedative/hypnotic intoxication may both induce the same type of substance disorders except sedative/hypnotic
intoxication will NOT
induce this
anxiety
Alcohol & sedative/hypnotic intoxication may both induce the same type of substance disorders, including:
Psychotic, Bipolar, Depressive, Sleep, Sexual Dysfunction, Delirium, Neurocognitive disorders
Intoxication, but not withdrawal,
of stimulants such as cocaine may induce sexual dysfunction, delirium & this type of substance induced disorder
Psychotic disorders
Intoxication & withdrawal of stimulants such as cocaine may induce, anxiety, OCD, sleep, & this type of substance induced disorder
mood disorders
both bipolar & depressive
Inhalants and this type of substance do not cause a withdrawal
hallucinogens
