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Behavioral Science > Substance Abuse and Withdrawal > Flashcards

Substance Abuse and Withdrawal Flashcards

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1
Q

decreased appetite
increase BP and HR
increased GI activity
increased alertness and attention

A

caffeine or nicotine use

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2
Q

lethargy
mild depression of mood
increased appetite
headache

A

caffeine or nicotine withdrawal

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3
Q

significant elevation of mood
increased alertness and attention
aggressiveness
psychotic symptoms
loss of appetite
pupil dilation
increased energy
seizures
reddening of nose
hypersexuality

A

amphetamines or cocaine use

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4
Q

significant depression of mood
strong psychological craving
irritability
hunger
pupil constriction

A

amphetamines or cocaine withdrawal

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5
Q

what substance class is medically indicated in the treatment of ADHD and narcolepsy, and sometimes depression

A

amphetamines

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6
Q

“speed, ice, and ecstasy” are street names for what class of drugs

A

amphetamines

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7
Q

freebase is a smokable form of what substance class

A

cocaine

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8
Q

hyperactivity and growth retardation are seen in newborns of mothers who used what drug class in pregnancy

A

cocaine

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9
Q

tactile hallucinations (ex: bugs crawling on skin) are seen with use of what substance class

A

cocaine

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10
Q

stimulants work by increasing the availability of what neurotransmitter

A

dopamine

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11
Q

what is the effect of amphetamine on dopamine

A

causes the release of dopamine, increasing its availability

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12
Q

what is the effect of cocaine on dopamine

A

blocks the reuptake of dopamine

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13
Q

mild elevation of mood
decreased anxiety
somnolence
sedation
poor coordination
respiratory depression

A

alcohol, benzodiazepines, or barbiturate usage

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14
Q

mild depression of mood
increased anxiety
insomnia
psychotic symptoms (ex: delusions)
disorientation
tremor
seizure
cardiovascular symptoms (tachycardia/hypertension)

A

alcohol, barbiturate, or benzodiazepine withdrawal

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15
Q

legal intoxication is defined as __%-__% blood alcohol concentration

A

0.08-.15

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16
Q

what is the timeline for alcohol withdrawal delirium

A

may occur during the first week of withdrawal from alcohol and usually occurs in patients who have been drinking heavily for at least 5 years

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17
Q

what is a common use of barbiturates

A

sleeping pills

18
Q

what is a high risk of barbiturate usage

A

low safety margin- can cause respiratory depression

19
Q

what are 2 medical uses of benzodiazepines

A

tranquilizers
alcohol withdrawal treatment

20
Q

do benzodiazepines or barbiturates have a higher safety marigin

A

benzodiazepines

21
Q

what drug can reverse the effects of benzodiazepine in case of overdose

A

Flumazenil

22
Q

what class of substances includes agents used medically as analgesics

A

narcotics or opioids

23
Q

*elevation of mood
relaxation
sedation
*analgesia
*respiratory depression
constipation
*pupil constriction

A

heroin, methadone, or other opioid use

24
Q

depression of mood
anxiety
insomnia
flu like symptoms (sweating, rhinorrhea, piloerection)
stomach cramps/diarrhea
pupil dilation

A

heroin, methadone, or other opioid withdrawal

25
Q

compared to medically used opioids such as morphine and methadone, abused opioids such as heroin have what 3 characteristics

A

more potent
more euphoric action
cross BBB quicker

26
Q

is death from barbiturate or opioid withdrawal more likely to occur

A

barbiturate

27
Q

what are 2 synthetic opioids used to treat heroin addiction

A

methadone
buprenorphine

28
Q

Cannabis, LSD, PCP, and special K (ketamine) are all what class of substance

A

hallucinogens

29
Q

increased availability of what neurotransmitter is associated with the effects of some hallucinogens

A

sertonin

30
Q

altered perception
elevation of mood
reduced attention span
flashbacks
sweating

A

Cannabis, LSD, PCP, or special K (ketamine) use

(hallucinogens)

31
Q

nystagmus is associated with the use of __

A

PCP

32
Q

chronic users of __ experience lung problems and a decrease in motivation

A

marijuana

33
Q

what is K2/spice

A

synthetic cannabinoids sprayed on plant material to be smoked or sold as liquid to be vaoprized and inhaled in e-cigarettes

34
Q

between LSD and PCP, which is ingested, which is smoked

A

LSD= ingested
PCP= smoked

35
Q

are episodes of violent behavior seen with LSD or PCP use

A

PCP

36
Q

what is the immediate treatment for stimulants (caffeine/amphetamines)

A

benzodiazepines to decrease agitation
antipsychotics

37
Q

what drug can be used to stabilize the autonomic nervous system during withdrawal of opioids such as heroin and methadone

A

clonidine

38
Q

elevated mood
self confidence
sensory sensitivity
feeling of empathy and closeness
decreased appetite

A

ecstacy (MDMA) use

39
Q

what club drug accounts for the greatest hospital admissions

A

methamphetamine (speed)

40
Q

most deaths attributed to “liquid ecstasy” have been from ___

A

respiratory depression

41
Q

what is the most frequently used date rape drug

A

alcohol

42
Q

what type of drug is krocodil (desmomorphine)

A

opioid derivative of codeine

Behavioral Science (7 decks)

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